Chapter 8 - Questions Flashcards
A problem with schemas is that they can easily
promote stereotypes
A surgical team was operating in a rural hospital without a backup electrical generator. The power went out. To provide light for the surgery, they collected all the cell phones in the hospital and turned them on. The operation was able to proceed because the surgical team avoided ________ and ________ the problem.
Functional fixedness; restructured
A(n) ________ is a(n) ________ of a sequence of events.
script; schema
In the study on ______, participants were asked to estimate the year the telephone was invented. The half of the participants who were previously asked whether the telephone was invented before or after 1850 estimated that the telephone was invented _____ than the half of the participants who were previously asked whether the telephone was invented before or after 1920.
the anchoring effect; earlier
If you are shopping for a bathrobe and buy the first soft robe you see, you are likely a(n) ________. If you go on to look for robes in every store in town before purchasing one, you are likely a(n) ________.
Satisfier; maximizer
Research has shown that people do not necessarily believe that “time heals all wounds” when something bad is about to happen to them. Instead, people tend to use ________ and anticipate the worst.
affective forecasting
fter struggling to solve a math problem, you suddenly see the solution. For no apparent reason, the method for solving the problem just came to your mind. You have experienced
insight
One week before Solange’s rent is due, she is short $100. Rather than ask her parents for the money, she decides that she will work one weekend for her friend’s landscaping company. By doing this, she will then have enough money for rent. This strategy is an example of
problem solving
People tend to have difficulty solving problems that require them to find a new use for an object that has a clear purpose. This mindset is a result of
functional fixedness
Analogical representations ________ correspond to characteristics of the object that they represent. Symbolic representations ________ correspond to characteristics of the object that they represent.
do; do not
