Chapter 8 - Psychoanalytic Perspective Flashcards
Personality
Enduring ways of thinking, feeling, and acting that characterize a person’s response to a situation
What are Behaviors?
Components of identity attributed to Personality, perceived as having an internal cause, organization, and structure.
The Psychodynamic Perspective
Approach to personality that emphasizes unconscious processes and childhood experiences
Freud’s Psychodynamic Theory
Freud’s approach to personality that emphasizes the unconscious part of the mind and psychic energy
Conscious
Immediate awareness of current environment
Preconscious
Available to awareness (e.g., names of friends, home address)
Unconscious
Unavailable to awareness (infantile memories, repressed wishes and conflicts)
Conflict, Anxiety, Defense
Common defense mechanisms used by the ego to cope with anxiety and conflict
Oral
Stage of psychosexual development focused on the mouth, age 0-2
Anal
Stage of psychosexual development focused on the anus, age 2-3
Phallic
Stage of psychosexual development focused on the genitals, age 4-6. Invloves Oedipus complex
Latency
Stage of psychosexual development focused on social relationships, age 7-puberty
Genital
Stage of psychosexual development focused on mature social and sexual relationships, puberty on
Freud’s Legacy: Neoanalytic and Object Relations Approaches
Approaches to personality that build upon Freud’s theories. Object relations theory focuses on the ways in which an individual’s early relationships with their caregivers shape their internalized representations, or “objects,” of themselves and others
What are the three components of the mind in Freud’s Psychodynamic Theory?
Conscious, Preconscious, and Unconscious, which respectively contain the Ego + Superego, Ego + Superego, and Id + Superego.
What are the key principles of the Id, Ego, and Superego?
The Id is driven by the Pleasure principle, the Ego by the Reality principle, and the Superego by the Morals principle.
What are some common Defense Mechanisms in Psychoanalytic theory?
Displacement, Sublimation, Regression, Repression, Denial, Projection, and Rationalization.
Displacement
Redirecting one’s emotional impulses or aggression from the original source to a substitute target.
Sublimation
Channeling negative impulses into positive and socially acceptable behaviors.
Regression
Reverting to an earlier stage of development or a previous behavior pattern when faced with anxiety or stress.
Repression
The unconscious blocking of unacceptable thoughts, feelings, and memories.
Denial
Refusing to acknowledge or accept a threatening situation or reality.
Projection
Attributing one’s own unacceptable feelings or thoughts to others.
Rationalization
Justifying or explaining away one’s actions or feelings with seemingly reasonable explanations.
What are the stages of Psychosexual Development?
Oral (0-2 years), Anal (2-3 years), Phallic (4-6 years), Latency (7-puberty), and Genital (puberty on).
What is the key task and erogenous zone for each stage of Psychosexual Development?
Oral (Weaning, Mouth), Anal (Toilet Training, Anus), Phallic (Resolving Oedipus complex, Genitals), Latency (Developing social relationships, None), and Genital (Developing mature social and sexual relationships, Genitals).
Who were some of the key figures in Neoanalytic Approaches to Personality?
Adler, Horney, Erickson, and Jung.
What motivated Adler’s theory of Personality?
Social interest and the striving for superiority.
