Chapter 8 - Physiological/Behavioral Neuroscience Flashcards
Physiological psychology is __________
the study of the essential biology involved in the study of the mind
The central nervous system (CNS) is made up of two parts:
- Brain
2. Spinal Cord
The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is made up of two parts:
- Somatic nervous system
2. Autonomic nervous system (ANS)
The __________ is the pathway that runs to and from the CNS
Peripheral nervous system
__________ fibers run toward the CNS, and __________ fibers run away from the CNS
Afferent is like affect, which means feel, so it goes toward the CNS, and afferent is like effect, so it goes away from CNS to cause the effect the brain wants
__________ interacts with the external environment by controlling voluntary movements of striated muscles
somatic nervous system
__________ interacts with the internal environment and is responsible for the “fight or flight” response
Autonomic nervous system (ANS)
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) has two parts:
- Sympathetic nervous system
2. Parasympathetic nervous system
__________ controls arousal mechanisms such as blood circulation, pupil dilation, and threat and fear response
Lie detector tests rely on the premise that lying activates the sympathetic nervous system and causes thinks like an increase in heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration
__________ is responsible for recuperation after arousal by doing things like lowering heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration
parasympathetic nervous system
The spine consists of an inner core of __________ and an outer core of __________ that go to and from the brain
gray matter; white matter
In the spine, gray matter consists of __________ and __________
cell bodies; dendrites
In the spine, white matter consists of __________ , __________ , and __________ .
nerve fibers; axon bundles; myelin sheathing
The Hindbrain consists of three parts:
- Myelencephalon (medulla)
- Metencephalon (contains pons and cerebellum)
- Reticular formation (base is located in the hindbrain, and rest is in midbrain), considered the oldest part of the brain
The __________ mainly controls reflexes but also controls sleep, attention, and movement.
medulla
The __________ connects brain parts to spine
pons
The __________ controls muscle coordination, balance, and posture
cerebellum
The __________ is considered the oldest part of the brain; controls alertness, thirst, sleep, and involuntary muscles such as the __________
reticular formation; heart
The mesencephalon is the __________
midbrain
__________ controls vision and hearing
Tectum
__________ houses the rest of the reticular formation.
It is also involved in the sensorimotor system, and the analgesic effect of opiates
__________ can be divided into diencephalon (thalamus and hypothalamus) and telencephalon
Forebrain
The __________ is the rest of the forebrain, which contains:
Telencephalon
limbic system; hippocampus; amygdala; cingulate gyrus
The __________ is the connection between brain and spine
Corticospinal tract
