Chapter 8 - Photosynthesis Flashcards
What is the balanced chemical equation for photosynthesis?
6 CO2 + 6 H2O → C6H12O6 + 6 O2
Carbon dioxide plus water yields Glucose plus Oxygen
True or False: Photosynthesis occurs in all living organisms.
False
Fill in the blank: Photosynthesis primarily takes place in the ______ of plant cells.
chloroplasts
What are the main reactants of photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O)
What is produced as a result of photosynthesis?
Glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen (O2)
Which pigment is essential for photosynthesis?
Chlorophyll
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a product of photosynthesis? A) Glucose B) Oxygen C) Carbon Dioxide
C) Carbon Dioxide
What is the role of sunlight in photosynthesis?
It provides the energy required for the reaction.
What type of process is photosynthesis: anabolic or catabolic?
Anabolic
True or False: Photosynthesis releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
False
What is the significance of photosynthesis in the ecosystem?
It produces oxygen and organic compounds for other organisms.
Fill in the blank: The overall process of photosynthesis can be summarized as the conversion of ______ energy into chemical energy.
light
What are the two main stages of photosynthesis?
Light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle
Multiple Choice: Which molecule captures light energy during photosynthesis? A) ATP B) NADPH C) Chlorophyll
C) Chlorophyll
What is the main carbohydrate produced during photosynthesis?
Glucose
True or False: Photosynthesis occurs only during the day.
True
What gas do plants take in during photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
What is the formula for glucose?
C6H12O6
Fill in the blank: Photosynthesis is crucial for the ______ chain in terrestrial ecosystems.
food
What do the light-dependent reactions produce?
ATP and NADPH
What is the role of water in photosynthesis?
It provides electrons and protons and is split to release oxygen.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a byproduct of photosynthesis? A) Nitrogen B) Oxygen C) Methane
B) Oxygen
How does photosynthesis help in reducing climate change?
It absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
True or False: All plants perform photosynthesis.
False
What is the Calvin cycle’s primary function?
To convert carbon dioxide into glucose.
Which product would be radioactive if you began the reactions with radioactive oxygen in the water?
Does this reaction occur during the light-dependent or independent stages of photosynthesis?
What part of the chloroplast does this reaction occur in?
- Oxygen
- Light-dependent stage
- Thylakoid
Which product would be radioactive if you began the reaction with radeioactive carbon in the carbon dioxide? Does this reaction occur during the light dependent of light independent stages of photosynthesis? What part of the chloroplast does this reaction occur in?
Glucose
Light-independent stage
Stoma
What are four other things required for photosynthesis, other than water and carbon dioxide?
Sunlight,
Chlorophyll
ATP
NADPH
Define photosynthesis.
Capture light energy - run the photosynthesis reaction - convert that light energy into chemical energy (glucose)
How do we get carbon dioxide into plants?
Leave, specifically stomata, open up and take in carbon dioxide
How do we get water into plants?
Through the roots
What is the plant’s light energy?
the Sun
What captures the sun into the plant?
The pigments (chlorophyll) located in chloroplasts and pigments in thylakoids (grana) - capture light energy
What products do we end up with after photosynthesis?
Glucose and oxygen as a byproduct
What are the parts of the Chloroplast? KNOW THIS
Stroma (light independent reactions)
Thylakoids - (light dependent reactions)
What is the key component - the pigment chlorophyll which absorbs light energy for photosynthesis?
Thylakoids
Light consists of __________ which are pure energy and can only interact with pigments.
Photons
The most important pigment in a plant.
Chlorophyll
What is light?
Protons carry the light energy
How does light interact with matter?
Pigments - they tranfer that energy to electrons
How does a photosystem work?
- Pigments interact with light energy.
- They then transfer that light energy to electrons
- then move electrons to the Electron Transport Chain
- Electron Transport Chain is where we pull energy fro electrons and make ATP
List the REACTANTS and PRODUCTS for the light-independent reactions.
- carbon source (carbon dioxide)
- ATP
- NADPH
- Calvin Cycle
- results - glucose
Explain the sequence of steps for the light-independent reaction.
- Need ATP, NADPH, Carbon dioxide, enzyme rubisco
- Run the Calvin Cycle
- Build glucose molecule
What is photorespiration?
Where the enzyme RuBisCO accidentally binds to oxygen instead of carbon dioxide
Leads to release of carbon dioxide and a loss of fixed carbon
Essentially UNDOES photosynthesis
What process will UNDO photosynthesis?
Photorespiration
Explain how C4 plants prevent photorespiration.
Prevents by putting its chloroplasts into different sets of cells.
What is another way besides C4 plants to prevent photorespiration?
CAM plants
Explain how CAM plants prevent photorespiration.
The same way as C4, but instead of having extra chloroplasts they split processes between night and day, separate rubisco.
