Chapter 6 - Light Microscopy Flashcards
With chemical reactions, we are doing one of two things. What are they?
- Building/producing bonds that STORE energy
- Breaking bonds to RELEASE that stored energy
What chemical reactions do glucose and photosynthesis do?
Build
What chemical reaction is cellular respiration?
Break apart
Differentiate between 2 types of energy.
- Potential energy - stored in bonds
- Kinetic energy - energy released from these bonds
What type of reaction gives off energy - energy exiting FROM the reaction?
Exergonic reaction
What type of reaction is energy going INTO the reaction?
Endergonic reaction
All metabolic/chemical reactions require some amount of ________ __________.
Activation energy
What is the First Law of Thermodynamics?
Energy is neither created nor destroyed
What is the Second Law of Thermodynamics?
Law of increasing entropy. When we change forms of energy - we do not have 100% conversion rate - we lose available energy as heat
What is the measure of disorder called?
Entropy
In order for something to be alive it MUST ___
Have order
For organisms to maintain order they must ________________
Take in energy
What says energy can only be converted from one form to another?
First Law of Thermodynamics
What says energy conversions are never perfect because some energy will be converted to heat?
Second Law of Thermodynamics
Which Law of Thermodynamics was discovered first?
The Second one
All chemical reactions in cells are catalyzed by
Enzymes
What is referred to as “energy money?”
ATP
Why is ATP referred to as “energy money?”
It’s an exchange.
If we release energy from one reaction - we build ATP - we are storing energy there - then we can SPEND that energy to run an additional reaction
What are the HEROES of the Energy Game?
Enzymes
Enzymes have what kind of unique structure?
Unique 3-dimensional structure
Can enzymes continue to function if they do not maintain their 3-dimensional structure?
NO
What are the 2 types of enzyme structure?
- Active site
- Allosteric site
Enzymes are _____________
Catalysts
Why are enzymes important to cells?
They catalyze and speed up chemical reactions
Explain how cells control enzymes.
- You can control it at the DNA level
- You can control it at the enzyme level by either competition or binding
What 3 factors affect enzyme functionality?
- Temperature
- pH level - how acidic or alkaline it is
- Concentration of enzyme
All living things share this Energy Molecule.
ATP
Adenosine Triphosphate
