Chapter 8 - Other Forms Flashcards
What is the overture?
The overture originated in the short instrumental introductions of early Italian operas. Overtures generally fall into three categories: Italian and French models, Classic or Dramatic and the Potpourri.
What are the characteristics of the Italian overture?
The Italian overture consists of three sections: fast, slow, fast. It was developed in the Neapolitan school in Italy.
What are the characteristics of the French overture?
The French overture consists of three sections: slow, fast, slow.
What are the characteristics of the Classic or Dramatic overture?
The classic overture was influenced by the development of the symphony and the sonata, and its organization was based on a prevailing design, most often the sonata-allegro (1st movement) form. It prepared the audience for the plot in mood and spirit.
What are the characteristics of the potpourri overture?
The potpourri overture is general in scope and includes all types of operatic overtures, preludes and introductions written in free form. Simplest forms are for Gilbert and Sullivan operettas and Broadway musicals. More advanced is the Prelude to Wagner’s Tristan und Isolde.
What is the symphonic poem?
The symphonic poem evolved in the Romantic period, an orchestral composition based on an extramusical idea, either pictorial or literary.
Who first used the term “symphonic poem” in 1848?
Franz Liszt first used the term. He developed the idea of a “transformation of themes” in which a theme is presented in various guises to portray changes in poetic thought.
What are examples of the symphonic poem?
Liszt, Les Preludes Sibelius, Finlandia Saint-Saens, Danse Macabre Moussorgsky, Night on Bald Mountain Respighi, Fountains of Rome Dukas, L'Apprenti sorcier Gershwin, An American in Paris
What is the Baroque suite?
The Baroque suite originated in the lute music of the 16th & 17th centuries. It consists of a series of dances, usually in the same key and contrasting in tempo and meter. Each of the movements is usually in binary form (AB).
What are the Baroque suite’s movements, as established by Bach?
The movements are the allemande, courante, sarabande and gigue. These can be substituted with a minuet, gavotte, bourree or other forms. Occasionally, the suite will begin with a prelude and will include a lyric movement called an air.
What is a concerto grosso?
A concerto grosso is a Baroque composition using a small group of solo instruments against a full orchestra (tutti) antiphonally.
What is a divertimento?
A piece of music that is lighthearted and easy to listen to. It is often performed on social occasions, for example, as music to be played while people eat or as after-dinner music.
What types of suites appeared in the 19th & 20th centuries?
1) Ballet suite composed of excerpts from an original stage work.
2) Combination of symphony and symphonic poem.
3) Suite for solo instrument.
What is a fantasia (fantasie)?
A style of composition more than a form, with no formal organizational theme and usually sectional in structure.
What is a rhapsody?
A piece of music that is meant to express a lot of emotion and does not have a regular form.
