Chapter 8 Growth Flashcards
Growth
Arms 4x
Head 2x
Trunk 3x
Legs 5x
Differential rates of growth among body segments
Amount of change from birth to final stature
Predictable & consistent, but not linear
S-shaped (sigmoid curve)
Measuring Growth in
Length & Stature
Recumbent length
Used from birth until a child is able to stand
Measured from the vertex (highest point on skull) to the soles of the feet
Stature (standing height)
Measured between the vertex (highest point on skull) and floor
Prepared measurement of body length
Recumbent Length vs. Stature
Difference?
“the stature of 2 & 3 yrs old children was approximately 0.5cm shorter than recumbent length in both girls and boys”
“prevalences of overweight based on stature measurements were 1.4-2.5% higher than prevalences using recumbent length”
Misinterpretation of individual BMI levels & trend observations of obesity
Measuring Growth in
Length & Stature
Recumbent Knee Height
Estimated in elderly & /or population with disabilities
Calculation of Stature from Knee Height:
Stature Men
65.19 - (0.04 * age) + (2.02 * knee Height)
Stature Women
84.88 - (0.24 * age) + (1.83 * knee Height)
Growth in Length & Stature
Zygote: ~0.14mm in diameter
Birth:
Boys ~20 in
Girls ~19.75 in
Year 1: rate of growth approximately 10 in/yr
Boys ~30 in
Girls ~29.25 in
Year 2
Year 3-4
Year 6-Adolescence
Year 2: 4.75 in/yr Year 3-5: Decelerated growth rate 2.75 in/yr Year 6-adolescence: Decelerated growth rate 2.25 in/yr
Adolescence
20% of adult stature is attained during this 2½ to 3 yr period 4 in/yr growth for boys 3 in/yr growth for girls Median age when growth in stature ceases 21.2 yr males 17.3 yr females
20-30 Year
30-40 Year
Above 45 Year
20-30 yr
Growth of vertebral column may add another 1/8 to stature
30-45 yr
Stature is stable
Above 45 yr
Decrease in stature WHY?
Intervertebral disk degeneration & joint cartilage in lower extremities become thin
