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Organ Histology > Chapter 8- Glands of Digestion > Flashcards

Chapter 8- Glands of Digestion Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 2 main functions of the gallbladder?

A
  1. store bile

2. concentrate bile

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2
Q

what is the difference between hepatic bile and cystic bile?

A 
hepatic= primary bile from liver
cystic= concentrated bile from GB
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3
Q

bile release is controlled by what hormone and what nerve?

A

CCK

vagus nerve

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4
Q

what is the surface epithelium of the mucosa in the gallbladder?

A

simple columnar

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5
Q

what are the 2 cells types in the mucosa of the gallbladder? what are their functions?

A
  1. clear cells aka cholangiocytes= concentrate bile by absorbing water
  2. brush cells= produce mucinogen
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6
Q

T/F. the muscularis mucosae and the submucosa of the gallbladder is absent.

A

true

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7
Q

the ME of the gallbladder is NOT of normal pattern. name the pattern.

A

thin smooth m with disorganized muscle arrangement

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8
Q

what is the luminal wall covering of the gallbladder?

A

mostly serosa- adventitia where it attaches to the liver

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9
Q

is the largest portion of the pancreas the exocrine or endocrine portion?

A

exocrine

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10
Q

matching.

  1. islets of langerhans producing hormones
  2. serous acini producing digestive enzymes

A. exocrine
B. endocrine

A
  1. B- endocrine

2. A- exocrine

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11
Q

the serous acini secretion in the exocrine pancreas is controlled by what 2 hormones and what type of nerves?

A

CCK and ACH

parasympathetic nerves

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12
Q

the pancreatic duct secretion of water and bicarbonate in the exocrine pancreas is controlled by what 2 hormones and what type of nerves?

A

secretin and ACH

parasympathetic nerves

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13
Q

what cells in the pancreatic ducts are located next to acinar cells?

A

centroacinar cells

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14
Q

what cells in intercalated pancreatic ducts produce an alkaline fluid with large quantities of bicarbonate ions and are released into duodenum to buffer stomach chyme?

A

centroacinar and cuboid cells

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15
Q

what is the function of collagen-rich CT in pancreatic ducts?

A

provide extra protection from possible leaking

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16
Q

what is the largest gland in the body?

A

liver

17
Q

what are 5 general functions of the liver?

A
  1. metabolism (lipids, carbs, proteins)
  2. production of blood proteins, factors, and substances
  3. detox
  4. produce hepatic bile (exocrine fxn)
  5. store vitamins (A and B12)
18
Q

what are the 5 cells of interest in the liver?

A
  1. hepatocytes
  2. kupffer cells
  3. ito cells
  4. pit cells
  5. hepatic progenitor cells
19
Q

matching (liver cells)

  1. store lipids for immediate use
  2. natural killer cells
  3. APC; phagocytosis of debris and aged RBCs
  4. responsible for regenerative capabilities
  5. store vitamin A
  6. produce collagen 1, 3, 4 and growth factors
  7. biles moves from (these cells) towards the bile duct branch in the portal triad
  8. micovilliated cuboid cells possessing lateral bile canaliculi in a linear arrangement
  9. aka stellate macrophages
A. hepatocytes
B. kupffer cells
C. ito cells
D. pit cells
E. hepatic progenitor cells
A
  1. C- ito
  2. D- pit
  3. B- kupffer
  4. E- hepatic progenitor
  5. C- ito
  6. C- ito
  7. A- hepatocytes
  8. A- hepatocytes
  9. B- kupffer
20
Q

what 3 structures make up the portal triad?

A
  1. hepatic artery
  2. portal vein
  3. bile duct

(lymph vessels found)

21
Q

what is the name of the structure that is best described as dilated, fenestrated thin walled vessels found between the rows of hepatocytes carrying a mixture of mostly venous (75%) and some arterial (25%) blood?

A

hepatic sinusoids

22
Q

in hepatic sinusoids, what percentage is venous blood and what percentage is arterial blood?

A

venous- 75%

arterial- 25%

23
Q

blood flows from the portal triad (hepatic artery, portal vein, bile duct) toward the _____.

A

central vein

24
Q

what structure is a fenestrated thin walled vessel that collects blood from the hepatic sinusoids?

A

central vein

25
Q

what is another name for the Space of Disse in the liver?

A

perisinusoidal space

26
Q

where is the perisinusoidal space?

A

between the hepatocytes and the fenestrated hepatic sinusoids

27
Q

why can the liver take over functioning for the spleen?

A

perisinusoidal space

  1. blood can directly contact the microvilliated surfaces of the hepatocytes
  2. flow slows enough so the cells can interact with the blood and its contents
28
Q

T/F. Glisson’s capsule is a dense irregular CT structure covered with serosa.

A

true

Organ Histology (4 decks)

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