Chapter 8- Glands of Digestion Flashcards
what are the 2 main functions of the gallbladder?
- store bile
2. concentrate bile
what is the difference between hepatic bile and cystic bile?
hepatic= primary bile from liver cystic= concentrated bile from GB
bile release is controlled by what hormone and what nerve?
CCK
vagus nerve
what is the surface epithelium of the mucosa in the gallbladder?
simple columnar
what are the 2 cells types in the mucosa of the gallbladder? what are their functions?
- clear cells aka cholangiocytes= concentrate bile by absorbing water
- brush cells= produce mucinogen
T/F. the muscularis mucosae and the submucosa of the gallbladder is absent.
true
the ME of the gallbladder is NOT of normal pattern. name the pattern.
thin smooth m with disorganized muscle arrangement
what is the luminal wall covering of the gallbladder?
mostly serosa- adventitia where it attaches to the liver
is the largest portion of the pancreas the exocrine or endocrine portion?
exocrine
matching.
- islets of langerhans producing hormones
- serous acini producing digestive enzymes
A. exocrine
B. endocrine
- B- endocrine
2. A- exocrine
the serous acini secretion in the exocrine pancreas is controlled by what 2 hormones and what type of nerves?
CCK and ACH
parasympathetic nerves
the pancreatic duct secretion of water and bicarbonate in the exocrine pancreas is controlled by what 2 hormones and what type of nerves?
secretin and ACH
parasympathetic nerves
what cells in the pancreatic ducts are located next to acinar cells?
centroacinar cells
what cells in intercalated pancreatic ducts produce an alkaline fluid with large quantities of bicarbonate ions and are released into duodenum to buffer stomach chyme?
centroacinar and cuboid cells
what is the function of collagen-rich CT in pancreatic ducts?
provide extra protection from possible leaking
what is the largest gland in the body?
liver
what are 5 general functions of the liver?
- metabolism (lipids, carbs, proteins)
- production of blood proteins, factors, and substances
- detox
- produce hepatic bile (exocrine fxn)
- store vitamins (A and B12)
what are the 5 cells of interest in the liver?
- hepatocytes
- kupffer cells
- ito cells
- pit cells
- hepatic progenitor cells
matching (liver cells)
- store lipids for immediate use
- natural killer cells
- APC; phagocytosis of debris and aged RBCs
- responsible for regenerative capabilities
- store vitamin A
- produce collagen 1, 3, 4 and growth factors
- biles moves from (these cells) towards the bile duct branch in the portal triad
- micovilliated cuboid cells possessing lateral bile canaliculi in a linear arrangement
- aka stellate macrophages
A. hepatocytes B. kupffer cells C. ito cells D. pit cells E. hepatic progenitor cells
- C- ito
- D- pit
- B- kupffer
- E- hepatic progenitor
- C- ito
- C- ito
- A- hepatocytes
- A- hepatocytes
- B- kupffer
what 3 structures make up the portal triad?
- hepatic artery
- portal vein
- bile duct
(lymph vessels found)
what is the name of the structure that is best described as dilated, fenestrated thin walled vessels found between the rows of hepatocytes carrying a mixture of mostly venous (75%) and some arterial (25%) blood?
hepatic sinusoids
in hepatic sinusoids, what percentage is venous blood and what percentage is arterial blood?
venous- 75%
arterial- 25%
blood flows from the portal triad (hepatic artery, portal vein, bile duct) toward the _____.
central vein
what structure is a fenestrated thin walled vessel that collects blood from the hepatic sinusoids?
central vein
