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Organ Histology Final > Chapter 8 - Glands of Digestion > Flashcards

Chapter 8 - Glands of Digestion Flashcards

1
Q

IC: Name the surface epithelium of the gallbaldder?

A

Simple Columnar

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2
Q

IC: Which major luminal wall layer is significantly absent?

A

Submucosa

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3
Q

IC: Does the ME of the gallbladder have normal pattern?

A

No

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4
Q

IC: Which gallbladder cells concentrate bile?

A

Clear cells/cholangiocytes

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5
Q

IC: Which DNES product will stimulate the ME of the GB to contract?

A

CCK

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6
Q

IC: Which type of bile works best within the SI?

A

Cystic bile

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7
Q

IC: Which major portion of the pancreas is the largest?

A

Exocrine

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8
Q

IC: Which pancreatic cells help to buffer chyme?

A

Centroacinar & cuboid cells in the pancreatic intercalated ducts

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9
Q

How does bile flow through a liver lobule? (Def a TQ)

A

Bile moves from the hepatocytes towards the bile duct branch in the portal triad

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10
Q

What are hepatic sinusoids?

A

Dilated, fenestrated thin walled vessels found between rows of hepatocytes

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11
Q

What do hepatic sinusoids carry?

A

Mixture of venous (75%) and arterial blood (25%)

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12
Q

What is the structure of the central vein?

A

Fenestrated thin walled vessel

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13
Q

What is the location of the central vein?

A

Middle of the classic lobule

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14
Q

What are the functions of the gall bladder?

A
  1. Store bile

2. Concentrate bile

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15
Q

What is the primary bile from the liver?

A

Hepatic bile

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16
Q

What is the difference between cystic bile and hepatic bile?

A

Cystic is more concentrated (from gallbladder)

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17
Q

What controls bile release?

A

CCK & vagal stimulation

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18
Q

What is the surface epithelium of the mucosa of the gallbladder?

A

Simple columnar

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19
Q

What cells are present in the mucosa of the gallbladder?

A
  1. Clear cells (cholangiocytes) - have many microvilli

2. Brush cells

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20
Q

What is the function of the cholangiocytes?

A

Concentrate bile by absorbing water

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21
Q

What is the LP of the gallbladder like?

A

loose and highly vascular ct

22
Q

What is the function of the LP of the gallbladder?

A

Lubricate the narrow neck lumen (neck will often possess small mucus glands)

23
Q

What is the submucosa of the gallbladder like? (Def a TQ)

A

absent (very unusual)

24
Q

What is the ME of the gallbladder like?

A

Not a normal pattern!

Thin smooth muscle layer with disorganized muscle arrangement

25
Q

Is serosa or adventitia more predominant in the gallbladder?

A

Mostly serosa

Some adventitia where it attaches to liver

26
Q

What is the largest portion of the pancreas?

A

Exocrine

27
Q

Where are the Pancreatic Islets?

A

Endocrine pancreas - Islets of Langerhans producing hormones

28
Q

What hormones control Serous Acini?

A

Secretion controlled by CCK & ACH from parasympathetic neurons

29
Q

What hormones control Pancreatic Ducts?

A

Bicarbonate secretion is controlled by secretin & ACH

30
Q

What makes up the exocrine pancreas? (TQ)

A

Serous acini - produces digestive enzymes

31
Q

What are the 3 major characteristics of the pancreatic ducts?

A
  1. Centroacnar cells (next to acinar cells)
  2. Cuboid & Centroacnar cells in intercalated pancreatic ducts - produce alkaline fluid
  3. Collagen-rich ct wraps pancreatic ducts
32
Q

What is the function of the alkaline fluid released by the intercalated pancreatic ducts?

A

Released into the duodenum to buffer stomach chyme

33
Q

What is the function of the collagen-rich CT wrapping the pancreatic ducts?

A

Provide extra protection from the possible leaking of digestive enzymes

34
Q

What is the largest gland in the body with both endocrine and exocrine function?

A

Liver

35
Q

What are the 5 major cells of interest of the liver?

A 
Hepatocytes
Kupffer Cells
Ito Cells
Pit cells
Hepatic Progenitor Cells
36
Q

What kind of cell are hepatocytes?

A

Cuboidal cells with microvilli and lateral bile canaliculi between adjacent hepatocytes

37
Q

What are some hepatocyte functions?

A 
Metabolism
Detoxify blood
Produce blood proteins
Produce hepatic (primary) bile
Store vitamins
38
Q

What is the fxn of the bile canaliculi?

A

collect bile

39
Q

Describe the movement of bile in the liver.

A

From hepatocytes towards the bile duct branch in the portal triad

40
Q

What is another name for Kupffer Cells? What type of cell are they?

A

Stellate macrophages

Resident macrophages developing from monocytes

41
Q

What is the function of Kupffer Cells?

A

Phagocytosis of debris and aged RBCs

Acts as an APC

42
Q

What’s another name for Ito Cells?

A

Hepatic Stellate Cells

43
Q

What is the function of Ito cells?

A

Store lipids for immediate use

Store Vit A

Produce collagen I, III, IV, and growth factors

44
Q

Which liver cells are likely responsible for regenerative capabilities?

A

Hepatic Progenitor Cells

45
Q

What is included in the portal triad?

A

Hepatic Artery
Portal Vein
Bile Duct
(lymph vessels)

46
Q

What are hepatic sinusoids?

A

Dilated fenestrated thin walls

Found between rows of hepatocytes

Carry a mixture of venous (75%) and arterial (25%) blood

47
Q

What is the function of the central vein?

A

Fenestrated thin walls that collect blood from the hepatic sinusoids

48
Q

Describe the blood flow in the Liver.

A

Blood flows from the portal triad to the central vein

49
Q

What is another name for the Space of Disse?

A

Perisinusoidal

50
Q

What is the space of disse?

A

Space between the hepatocytes & fenestrated hepatic sinusoids where blood can contact microvilli surfaces of hepatocytes

This is why the liver can take over functioning for the spleen within 48 hours

51
Q

What covers Glisson’s Capsule?

A

Dense irregular ct covered with serosa

Organ Histology Final (4 decks)

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