Chapter 8 False Memories Flashcards
A match between a retrieved memory and an actual event from the past?
Correspondence
what are memories that people have that do not correspond to events as they actually happened?
False memories
what is suggestibility?
The tendency to incorporate info from sources other than the original witnessed event,such as other people written materials or pictures which may be misleading.
our ability to distinguish among the sources of our retrieved memories in both the external and internal world?
Source monitoring
Our ability to distinguish whether our memory is of a real event or an imagined event
Reality monitoring
The false memory created by a kid in which all of the words are related or associated with the absent but suggested word
critical intrusion
DRM
Under to induce false memories for items on word lists
An explanation for retrival of critical intrusions in the DRM. All the the presented words are linked to or associated with the critical intrusion.
Contextual associations
Fuzzy trace theory
“Gist of the list” for example converting a list of several words like physician, surgeon and hospital down to just Doctor
False memories of events are induced by asking them about events they never experienced (example researchers making up child hood memories that never happened and the people later on recalling the events that never happened)
False memory induction procedure
<p>The ability to recover previously forgotten memories </p>
<p>Recovery of repressed memories</p>
Increases the number of false memories with out increasing the number of accurate memories
Hypnosis
Researchers induce false memories by simple having a person imagine an event
Imagination inflation
The ACTIVE forgetting if highly emotional memories usually from childhood
repression
A theory that explains repression be because memories are highly negative often private and potentially embarrassing ( think about camp and being raped example he only wanted to remember the good times not the one negative thing that happened)
Failure to rehearse
A theory that explains repression people may deliberately force them selves not to remember the event ( seeing someone and shutting down the memory of them hitting you)
Active suppression
The result of employing a procedure that makes some information easier to recall than other info ( such as given examples of fish asked to rehearse them the told to give examples of fish and diseases)
Retrieval bias
Results of presenting event misinformation about a witnessed event that can obscure change or degrade the memory of the original event
Misinformation effect
A theory that explains the misinformation effect. The original memory is altered by the misinformation (think of coke and Budweiser can example)
Trace impairment view
A theory that explains misinformation. Participants form one memory about the original event then form a second memory of reading questions or a summary after the event
Coexisting hypothesis
A protocol designed to help police investigators obtain the maximum amount of information from witnesses with the lease likelihood of inducing false memories
Cognitive interview
The quantity of information retrieved while recalling an episodic event
Amount of information
Retrieval questions that contain very few cues that allow theparticipant to describe her memory without suggestions. These limit the possibility of introducing inadvertent miss information
Open ended questions
