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terminology > Chapter 8: Digestive System > Flashcards

Chapter 8: Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

3 functions of digestive system

A

(1) mechanical & chemical digestion, (2) absorption of nutrients, (3) elimination of wastes

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2
Q

Primary organs of the GI tract

A

oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon

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3
Q

Accessory organs of the GI tract

A

pancreas, liver, gallbladder, salivary glands

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4
Q

an/o

A

anus

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5
Q

append/o, appendic/o

A

appendix

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6
Q

bar/o

A

weight

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7
Q

bucc/o

A

cheek

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8
Q

cec/o

A

cecum

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9
Q

cholangi/o

A

bile duct

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10
Q

chol/e

A

bile, gall

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11
Q

cholesyst/o

A

gallbladder

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12
Q

choledoch/o

A

common bile duct

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13
Q

cirrh/o

A

yellow

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14
Q

col/o, colon/o

A

colon

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15
Q

cyst/o

A

sac

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16
Q

dent/o

A

tooth

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17
Q

diverticul/o

A

pouch

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18
Q

dueden/o

A

duodenum

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19
Q

enter/o

A

small intestines

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20
Q

esophag/o

A

esophagus

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21
Q

gastr/o

A

stomach

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22
Q

gingiv/o

A

gums

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23
Q

gloss/o

A

tongue

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24
Q

hepat/o

A

liver

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25
Q

ile/o

A

ileum

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26
Q

jejun/o

A

jejunum

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27
Q

labi/o

A

lip

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28
Q

lapar/o

A

abdomen

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29
Q

lingu/o

A

tongue

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30
Q

lith/o

A

stone

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31
Q

odont/o

A

tooth

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32
Q

or/o

A

mouth

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33
Q

palat/o

A

palate

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34
Q

pancreat/o

A

pancreas

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35
Q

pharyng/o

A

throat, pharynx

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36
Q

polyp/o

A

polyp

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37
Q

proct/o

A

anus and rectum

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38
Q

pylor/o

A

pylorus

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39
Q

pyr/o

A

fire

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40
Q

rect/o

A

rectum

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41
Q

sialaden/o

A

salivary gland

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42
Q

sigmoid/o

A

sigmoid colon

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43
Q

-emesis

A

vomit

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44
Q

-emetic

A

pertaining to vomiting

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45
Q

-iatric

A

pertaining to medical treatment

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46
Q

-istry

A

specialty of

47
Q

-lithiasis

A

stone

48
Q

-orexia

A

appetite

49
Q

-pepsia

A

digestion

50
Q

-phagia

A

swallow

51
Q

-prandial

A

pertaining to a meal

52
Q

-tripsy

A

surgical crushing

53
Q

-al, -tic

A

pertaining to

54
Q

-algia

A

pain

55
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

56
Q

-oma

A

tumor

57
Q

-osis

A

abnormal condition

58
Q

-plegia

A

paralysis

59
Q

Expelled solid waste

A

feces

60
Q

Seals of teeth in socket

A

gums

61
Q

Above gums

A

crown

62
Q

Below gums

A

root

63
Q

Outer covering of tooth; hardest substance

A

enamel

64
Q

Wavelike muscular movements

A

peristalsis

65
Q

Layer of tooth directly under enamel

A

dentin

66
Q

Watery mix of food & digestive juices

A

chyme

67
Q

Breaks up large fat globules into smaller dropets

A

emulsification

68
Q

Neutralize acidic chyme

A

buffers

69
Q

Digest carbohydrates, lipids & proteins

A

enzymes

70
Q

anal

A

pertaining to the anus

71
Q

cholecystic

A

pertaining to the gallbladder

72
Q

colonic

A

pertaining to the colon

73
Q

colorectal

A

pertaining to the colon & rectum

74
Q

dental

A

pertaining to the teeth

75
Q

duodenal

A

pertaining to the duodenum

76
Q

enteric

A

pertaining to the small intestine

77
Q

esophageal

A

pertaining to the esophagus

78
Q

gastric

A

pertaining to the stomach

79
Q

gastrointestinal (GI)

A

pertaining to the stomach & intestines

80
Q

hepatic

A

pertaining to the liver

81
Q

ileal

A

pertaining to the ileum

82
Q

jejunal

A

pertaining to the jejunum

83
Q

oral

A

pertaining to the mouth

84
Q

pancreatic

A

pertaining to the pancreas

85
Q

pharyngeal

A

pertaining to the pharynx

86
Q

pyloric

A

pertaining to the pylorus

87
Q

rectal

A

pertaining to the rectum

88
Q

sigmoidal

A

pertaining to the sigmoid colon

89
Q

sublingual

A

pertaining to under the tongue

90
Q

submandibular

A

pertaining to under the mandible

91
Q

buccolabial

A

pertaining to the cheeks & lips

92
Q

nasogastric

A

pertaining to the nose & stomach

93
Q

aphagia

A

being unable to swallow or eat

94
Q

ascites

A

collection of fluid in peritoneal cavity

95
Q

bradypepsia

A

having a slow digestive system

96
Q

cholecystalgia

A

gallbladder pain

97
Q

constipation

A

difficult or infrequent defecation

98
Q

dentalgia

A

tooth pain

99
Q

diarrhea

A

frequent, watery bowel movements

100
Q

dyspepsia

A

indigestion; having an upset stomach

101
Q

dysphagia

A

having difficulty swallowing or eating

102
Q

-emesis

A

vomiting

103
Q

gastralgia

A

stomach pain

104
Q

hematemesis

A

vomiting blood

105
Q

hematochezia

A

passing bright red blood in stools

106
Q

hyperemesis

A

excessive vomiting

107
Q

jaundice

A

yellow cast to skin caused by deposit of bile pigment; often associated with liver disease

108
Q

melena

A

passage of dark, tar-y stool caused by digesting blood

109
Q

nausea

A

urge to vomit

110
Q

polyphagia

A

excessive eating (literally excessive swallowing)

111
Q

postprandial

A

after a meal

112
Q

pyrosis

A

stomach acid splashing into esophagus; heartburn

113
Q

dysorexia

A

abnormal appetite

114
Q

regurgitation

A

backflow of stomach contents into mouth

terminology (10 decks)

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