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Biol 164 > Chapter 8: Digestive And Abdominal Organs Observations Of Anatomic Donors And Untrasounds > Flashcards

Chapter 8: Digestive And Abdominal Organs Observations Of Anatomic Donors And Untrasounds Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of salivary glands

A

They produce saliva

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2
Q

What is the function of saliva

A

Contains digestive enzymes to start to break down large macromolecules like complex carbohydrates and proteins into smaller pieces
It also helps to lubricate food before swallowing

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3
Q

What is the stomach

A

An organ that contains an acidic solution and muscular walls to continue to break down food chemically and mechanically

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4
Q

What are the regions of the stomach

A

The cardiac region: the region around the where the esophagus enters
The fundus: the superior third
The body: the main portion
The pyloric region: the inferior tip

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5
Q

What is the lesser curvature

A

The superior border of the stomach, which is a small curve

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6
Q

What is the greater curvature

A

The inferior border of the stomach, which is broader

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7
Q

What is the pyloric sphincter

A

The ring of muscle that controls the passage of food from the stomach to the duodenum

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8
Q

What is the first section of the small intestine

A

The duodenum, which is about 10 inches long

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9
Q

What are the second and third portions of the small intestine

A

Jejunum and ileum

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10
Q

What is the main function of the small intestine

A

To absorb nutrients from the food

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11
Q

What is the first part of the large intestine

A

The cecum

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12
Q

What is the ileocecal valve

A

A sphincter that controls the movement of food from the ileum into the cecum

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13
Q

What is the appendix / verniform appendix

A

An enclosed tube dangling from the cecum

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14
Q

What are the final portions of the large intestine

A

The ascending, transverse descending, and sigmoid colon

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15
Q

What is the major function of the large intestine

A

To absorb water

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16
Q

What are the accessory digestive organs

A

Liver, gallbladder, pancreas, (kind of spleen it doesn’t play a role in digestion but it is in the abdomen)

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17
Q

What is the function of the liver

A

The secretion of bile, which aids in the digestion of fats

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18
Q

What is the gallbladder

A

A sac that stores bile that was secreted b y the liver, and releases the bile into the duodenum

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19
Q

What is the function of the pancreas

A

It produces and releases digestive enzymes and bicarbonate ions into the duodenum

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20
Q

What structure is the liver, gallbladder and pancreas connected too

A

The duodenum via a series of ducts
- hepatic ducts

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21
Q

What is the flow of bile

A

Right and left lobes of the liver secrete bile -> either the left or right hepatic duct -> common hepatic duct -> common bile duct -> duodenum
Bile from the gallbladder -> cystic duct -> common bile duct -> duodenum

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22
Q

What is the function of the spleen

A

It filters blood and is a major part of the immune system

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23
Q

What is the highlighted structure

A

Salivary gland: Parotid

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24
Q

What is the highlighted structure

A

Salivary gland: submandibular

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25
What is the highlighted structure
Salivary gland: sublingual
26
What is the highlighted structure
Pharynx
27
What is the highlighted structure
Tongue
28
What is the highlighted structure
Oral cavity
29
What is the highlighted structure
Esophagus
30
What is the highlighted structure
Pancreas
31
What is the highlighted structure
Liver
32
What is the highlighted structure
Gallbladder
33
What is the highlighted structure
Duodenum
34
What is the highlighted structure
Common bile duct
35
What is the highlighted structure
Transverse colon
36
What is the highlighted structure
Ascending colon
37
What is the highlighted structure
Descending colon
38
What is the highlighted structure
Cecum
39
What is the highlighted structure
Appendix
40
What is the highlighted structure
Stomach
41
What is the highlighted structure
Pancreatic duct
42
What is the highlighted structure
Ileum (small intestine)
43
What is the highlighted structure
Rectum
44
What is the highlighted structure
Anus
45
Which quadrant is this
Upper right
46
Which quadrant is this
Upper left
47
Which quadrant is this
Lower right
48
Which quadrant is this
Lower left
49
What is structure A
Mesentery/peritoneal membrane
50
What is structure B
Duodenum
51
What is structure C
Jejunum
52
What is structure D
Ileum
53
What is structure A
Esophagus
54
What is structure b
Fundus
55
What is structure C
Body
56
What is structure D
Pyloric antrum
57
What is structure E
Pyloric sphincter
58
What is structure F
Duodenum
59
What is structure G
Lesser Curvature
60
What is structure H
Greater curvature
61
What is structure A
Cecum
62
What is structure B
Appendix
63
What is structure C
Ascending colon
64
What is structure D
Transverse colon
65
What is structure E
Descending colon
66
What is structure F
Sigmoid colon
67
What is structure G
Rectum
68
What is structure H
Anus
69
What is structure A
Left and right hepatic ducts
70
What is structure B
Common hepatic duct
71
What is structure C
Cystic duct
72
What is structure D
Common bile duct
73
What is structure E
Gallbladder
74
What is structure F
Pancreas
75
What is structure G
Pancreatic duct
76
What is structure H
Spleen
77
What is structure I
Aorta I1 - celiac trunk I2 - superior mesenteric a.
78
What is structure J
Portal Vein J1 - superior meseteric v. J2 - splenic v.
79
What is structure A
Right lobe
80
What is structure B
Left lobe
81
What is structure C
Gallbladder
82
What is structure D
Cystic duct
83
What is structure E
Hepatic ducts
84
What is structure F
Common bile duct
85
What is structure G
Inferior vena cava
86
What is structure H
Portal vein
87
What are structures that can be found in an Upper Right quadrant
Liver Gallbladder Right half of transverse colon Duodenum Right kidney
88
What are organs that can be found in the upper left quadrant
Stomach Spleen Left half of transverse colon Pancreas Left kidney
89
What are the organs that can be found in the lower right quadrant
Small intestine Ascending colon Cecum Appendix
90
What organs can be found in the lower left quadrant
Small intestine Descending colon Sigmoid colon
91
What is the sagittal plane
Parallel to the longitudinal axis, so it extends from head to feet for humans. A sagittal plane separates the body into right and left sides
92
What is a frontal, or coronal plane
Perpendicular to a sagittal plane. It separates the body into anterior and posterior sides for humans
93
What is the transverse or horizontal plane
Separates the body into superior and inferior sides
94
What is plane A
Sagittal
95
What is plane B
Frontal (coronal)
96
What is plane C
Transverse (horizontal)
97
What is direction d
Cranial, superior
98
What is direction E
Caudal, inferior
99
What is direction F
Anterior, ventral
100
What is direction G
Posterior, dorsal
101
What is direction H
Medial
102
What is direction i
Lateral
103
What is direction J
Proximal
104
What is direction k
Distal
105
What is serous tissue
A type of thin tissue that secretes a watery lubricating substance
106
What is the serous tissue of the abdomen
Peritoneum
107
What is parietal peritoneum
The serous tissue lining the inside walls of the abdomen and pelvis
108
What is visceral peritoneum
The serous tissue that covers the surface of the abdomen and pelvic organs
109
What is a mesentery
Another category of serous tissue in the abdomen When two sheets of visceral peritoneum come together and join apart from the organ Two layers Also called ligaments When they separate again to run along the body wall, they become parietal peritoneum
110
What is the greater omentum
A large sac of mesentery between the abdominal organs and ventral body wall - it is connected to the greater curvature of the stomach - sometimes referred to as the “fat curtain” that hangs from the stomach
111
What is the lesser omentum
The thin, typically translucent, mesentery stretching from the lesser curvature of the stomach and the duodenum to the liver. Also contains the common bile duct and the portal vein
112
What is the mesentery proper
The tissue that connects the coils of the ileum and jejunum to the body wall Ensures that the small intestine folds nicely and is tied down in the abdomen

Biol 164 (5 decks)

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