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Biol 164 > Chapter 8: Digestive And Abdominal Organs Observations Of Anatomic Donors And Untrasounds > Flashcards

Chapter 8: Digestive And Abdominal Organs Observations Of Anatomic Donors And Untrasounds Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of salivary glands

A

They produce saliva

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2
Q

What is the function of saliva

A

Contains digestive enzymes to start to break down large macromolecules like complex carbohydrates and proteins into smaller pieces
It also helps to lubricate food before swallowing

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3
Q

What is the stomach

A

An organ that contains an acidic solution and muscular walls to continue to break down food chemically and mechanically

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4
Q

What are the regions of the stomach

A

The cardiac region: the region around the where the esophagus enters
The fundus: the superior third
The body: the main portion
The pyloric region: the inferior tip

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5
Q

What is the lesser curvature

A

The superior border of the stomach, which is a small curve

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6
Q

What is the greater curvature

A

The inferior border of the stomach, which is broader

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7
Q

What is the pyloric sphincter

A

The ring of muscle that controls the passage of food from the stomach to the duodenum

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8
Q

What is the first section of the small intestine

A

The duodenum, which is about 10 inches long

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9
Q

What are the second and third portions of the small intestine

A

Jejunum and ileum

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10
Q

What is the main function of the small intestine

A

To absorb nutrients from the food

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11
Q

What is the first part of the large intestine

A

The cecum

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12
Q

What is the ileocecal valve

A

A sphincter that controls the movement of food from the ileum into the cecum

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13
Q

What is the appendix / verniform appendix

A

An enclosed tube dangling from the cecum

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14
Q

What are the final portions of the large intestine

A

The ascending, transverse descending, and sigmoid colon

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15
Q

What is the major function of the large intestine

A

To absorb water

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16
Q

What are the accessory digestive organs

A

Liver, gallbladder, pancreas, (kind of spleen it doesn’t play a role in digestion but it is in the abdomen)

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17
Q

What is the function of the liver

A

The secretion of bile, which aids in the digestion of fats

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18
Q

What is the gallbladder

A

A sac that stores bile that was secreted b y the liver, and releases the bile into the duodenum

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19
Q

What is the function of the pancreas

A

It produces and releases digestive enzymes and bicarbonate ions into the duodenum

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20
Q

What structure is the liver, gallbladder and pancreas connected too

A

The duodenum via a series of ducts
- hepatic ducts

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21
Q

What is the flow of bile

A

Right and left lobes of the liver secrete bile -> either the left or right hepatic duct -> common hepatic duct -> common bile duct -> duodenum
Bile from the gallbladder -> cystic duct -> common bile duct -> duodenum

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22
Q

What is the function of the spleen

A

It filters blood and is a major part of the immune system

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23
Q

What is the highlighted structure

A

Salivary gland: Parotid

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24
Q

What is the highlighted structure

A

Salivary gland: submandibular

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25
Q

What is the highlighted structure

A

Salivary gland: sublingual

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26
Q

What is the highlighted structure

A

Pharynx

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27
Q

What is the highlighted structure

A

Tongue

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28
Q

What is the highlighted structure

A

Oral cavity

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29
Q

What is the highlighted structure

A

Esophagus

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30
Q

What is the highlighted structure

A

Pancreas

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31
Q

What is the highlighted structure

A

Liver

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32
Q

What is the highlighted structure

A

Gallbladder

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33
Q

What is the highlighted structure

A

Duodenum

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34
Q

What is the highlighted structure

A

Common bile duct

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35
Q

What is the highlighted structure

A

Transverse colon

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36
Q

What is the highlighted structure

A

Ascending colon

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37
Q

What is the highlighted structure

A

Descending colon

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38
Q

What is the highlighted structure

A

Cecum

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39
Q

What is the highlighted structure

A

Appendix

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40
Q

What is the highlighted structure

A

Stomach

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41
Q

What is the highlighted structure

A

Pancreatic duct

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42
Q

What is the highlighted structure

A

Ileum (small intestine)

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43
Q

What is the highlighted structure

A

Rectum

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44
Q

What is the highlighted structure

A

Anus

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45
Q

Which quadrant is this

A

Upper right

46
Q

Which quadrant is this

A

Upper left

47
Q

Which quadrant is this

A

Lower right

48
Q

Which quadrant is this

A

Lower left

49
Q

What is structure A

A

Mesentery/peritoneal membrane

50
Q

What is structure B

A

Duodenum

51
Q

What is structure C

A

Jejunum

52
Q

What is structure D

A

Ileum

53
Q

What is structure A

A

Esophagus

54
Q

What is structure b

A

Fundus

55
Q

What is structure C

A

Body

56
Q

What is structure D

A

Pyloric antrum

57
Q

What is structure E

A

Pyloric sphincter

58
Q

What is structure F

A

Duodenum

59
Q

What is structure G

A

Lesser Curvature

60
Q

What is structure H

A

Greater curvature

61
Q

What is structure A

A

Cecum

62
Q

What is structure B

A

Appendix

63
Q

What is structure C

A

Ascending colon

64
Q

What is structure D

A

Transverse colon

65
Q

What is structure E

A

Descending colon

66
Q

What is structure F

A

Sigmoid colon

67
Q

What is structure G

A

Rectum

68
Q

What is structure H

A

Anus

69
Q

What is structure A

A

Left and right hepatic ducts

70
Q

What is structure B

A

Common hepatic duct

71
Q

What is structure C

A

Cystic duct

72
Q

What is structure D

A

Common bile duct

73
Q

What is structure E

A

Gallbladder

74
Q

What is structure F

A

Pancreas

75
Q

What is structure G

A

Pancreatic duct

76
Q

What is structure H

A

Spleen

77
Q

What is structure I

A

Aorta
I1 - celiac trunk
I2 - superior mesenteric a.

78
Q

What is structure J

A

Portal Vein
J1 - superior meseteric v.
J2 - splenic v.

79
Q

What is structure A

A

Right lobe

80
Q

What is structure B

A

Left lobe

81
Q

What is structure C

A

Gallbladder

82
Q

What is structure D

A

Cystic duct

83
Q

What is structure E

A

Hepatic ducts

84
Q

What is structure F

A

Common bile duct

85
Q

What is structure G

A

Inferior vena cava

86
Q

What is structure H

A

Portal vein

87
Q

What are structures that can be found in an Upper Right quadrant

A

Liver
Gallbladder
Right half of transverse colon
Duodenum
Right kidney

88
Q

What are organs that can be found in the upper left quadrant

A

Stomach
Spleen
Left half of transverse colon
Pancreas
Left kidney

89
Q

What are the organs that can be found in the lower right quadrant

A

Small intestine
Ascending colon
Cecum
Appendix

90
Q

What organs can be found in the lower left quadrant

A

Small intestine
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon

91
Q

What is the sagittal plane

A

Parallel to the longitudinal axis, so it extends from head to feet for humans. A sagittal plane separates the body into right and left sides

92
Q

What is a frontal, or coronal plane

A

Perpendicular to a sagittal plane. It separates the body into anterior and posterior sides for humans

93
Q

What is the transverse or horizontal plane

A

Separates the body into superior and inferior sides

94
Q

What is plane A

A

Sagittal

95
Q

What is plane B

A

Frontal (coronal)

96
Q

What is plane C

A

Transverse (horizontal)

97
Q

What is direction d

A

Cranial, superior

98
Q

What is direction E

A

Caudal, inferior

99
Q

What is direction F

A

Anterior, ventral

100
Q

What is direction G

A

Posterior, dorsal

101
Q

What is direction H

A

Medial

102
Q

What is direction i

A

Lateral

103
Q

What is direction J

A

Proximal

104
Q

What is direction k

A

Distal

105
Q

What is serous tissue

A

A type of thin tissue that secretes a watery lubricating substance

106
Q

What is the serous tissue of the abdomen

A

Peritoneum

107
Q

What is parietal peritoneum

A

The serous tissue lining the inside walls of the abdomen and pelvis

108
Q

What is visceral peritoneum

A

The serous tissue that covers the surface of the abdomen and pelvic organs

109
Q

What is a mesentery

A

Another category of serous tissue in the abdomen
When two sheets of visceral peritoneum come together and join apart from the organ
Two layers
Also called ligaments
When they separate again to run along the body wall, they become parietal peritoneum

110
Q

What is the greater omentum

A

A large sac of mesentery between the abdominal organs and ventral body wall - it is connected to the greater curvature of the stomach
- sometimes referred to as the “fat curtain” that hangs from the stomach

111
Q

What is the lesser omentum

A

The thin, typically translucent, mesentery stretching from the lesser curvature of the stomach and the duodenum to the liver. Also contains the common bile duct and the portal vein

112
Q

What is the mesentery proper

A

The tissue that connects the coils of the ileum and jejunum to the body wall
Ensures that the small intestine folds nicely and is tied down in the abdomen

Biol 164 (5 decks)

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