Chapter 8 Development of Nervous System

Question 1

when is the pre-embryonic stage

Answer 1

conception to 2nd week

Question 2

steps of pre embryonic stage

Answer 2

cell, division, cluster of cell, and the inner cell mass gets suspended in the inner ring of cells

Question 3

when is the embryonic stage

Answer 3

2nd to 8th week

Question 4

what happens in the embryonic stage

Answer 4

organs are formed

Question 5

what do the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm become

Answer 5

ectoderm becomes sensory organs, epidermis, and sensory system
mesoderm becomes muscle skin and skeleton, excretatory and circulatory system
endoderm becomes gut, liver, pancreas and respiratory

Question 6

when is the fetal stage

Answer 6

8th week to birth

Question 7

what occurs in fetal stage

Answer 7

migration of skin, bone, and muscles away from neural tube out to developing body

top of neural tube (head) swells up as number of cells in head multiply exponentially

the body then develops dragging nervous tissue with it, heads explodes as the tissue develops in it

Question 8

When is Neural Tube Formation

Answer 8

Day 18-26

Question 9

neural plate?

Answer 9

part of ectoderm that becomes part of nervous system

the flat plates start to roll up like a cannoli

middle light purple is the neural tube and the dark is the nervous system tissue that gets placed right next door to tube

Question 10

where is the superior neuropore

Answer 10

part that closes up and your brain forms around it

Question 11

where is the inferior neuropore

Answer 11

closes at caudal end, closes spinal cord to coccyx

Question 12

when the tube is rolled up, the nervous system cells form

Answer 12

concentric circles

Question 13

inner gray of circle:

Answer 13

mantle layer that contains bodies of neurons (motor)

Question 14

marginal layer (white)

Answer 14

protects axons of mantle layer and is cells of myelin sheath… schawnn and oligodendrocytes

Question 15

what is the neural crest

Answer 15

cluster of cell bodies not in spinal cord… located in dorsal root of cord

Question 16

dark is:

Answer 16

pseudounipolar cuz they’re peripheral

Question 17

light is

Answer 17

multipolar in spinal cord and brain

Question 18

somite

Answer 18

pieces of body… 31 balls of silly putt form on either side of neural tube

Question 19

3 divisions of somite

Answer 19

schlerotome, myotome, and dermatome

Question 20

schlerotome

Answer 20

makes bones of our body

Question 21

myotome

Answer 21

piece of somite that makes muscles

Question 22

dermatome

Answer 22

makes skin

Question 23

muscles bone and skin all grab onto what

Answer 23

an axon and as they go to their developed position they drag the axons with them

Question 24

in the neural tube, anterior is

Answer 24

motor

Question 25

where is the association plate formed

Answer 25

dorsal

Question 26

dorsal contains

Answer 26

cells OF sensory function

Question 27

cells of peripheral somatosensory are located

Answer 27

in the dorsal root

Question 28

definition of dermatome

Answer 28

all skin innervated by one of the 31 spinal nerves

Question 29

dermatome is what section of the somite

Answer 29

embryonic

Question 30

blue and red started as light purple and had gray and white ring…

Answer 30

blue and red started as light purple and had gray and white ring… blue is PART OF sensory but NOT somatosensory red little dots are motor neurons

Question 31

at C3, the C3 somite is associated with…

Answer 31

C3 neural tube

Question 32

schleratome starts growing out and creates an arm but grows out full length. who is the leader

Answer 32

C7 drags the neural tube with it

Question 33

what is myotome

Answer 33

piece of somite that becomes muscle cell. all muscles that receive innervation from one spinal nerve

Question 34

what section of somite is the myotome

Answer 34

embryonic

Question 35

every other muscle gets innervation from at least

Answer 35

two spinal nerves

Question 36

every muscles started out developmentally as at least ____ somites on the ____ and ____ somites on the ____

Answer 36

two on the left and two on the right

Question 37

spinal nerve injuries will

Answer 37

weaken

Question 38

peripheral nerve injuries will

Answer 38

paralyze

Question 39

at the 3rd month, spinal cord is as long as

Answer 39

the spinal column

Question 40

at birth, the spinal cord is

Answer 40

located at L3

Question 41

as an adult the caudal end of spinal cord is

Answer 41

located at L1

Question 42

forebrain

Answer 42

all structures rostral to midbrain

Question 43

midbrain

Answer 43

own piece developmentally, fully formed divides the two

Question 44

hindbrain:

Answer 44

pons, medulla, and cerebellum. helps control autonomic function, grossly move due to cerebeullum. this is primitive/reptilic

Question 45

migration of the mantle layer cells

Answer 45

neural tube=gray is inside, brain and gray matter proliferate and fill up the space

Question 46

how do the mantle layer cells move from inside to out?

Answer 46

astrocytes (structure to move)

batman or scaffold

Question 47

primal development cells are alike but

Answer 47

differentiate when they get to where they’re going

frontal and parietal start the same but take on roles when they get to where they need to go