Chapter 8 - Crimes of Violence Flashcards
What is the corpus delicti of all criminal homicide?
death of a human being, of a criminal agency, the criminal agency was the proximate cause of the death
Police investigators conduct a suspicious death investigation in all cases in which the circumstances of the death indicate _______ or _______
violence or foul play
The detection of criminal homicide is based on finding the answers to four classic questions:
what was the cause of death, what were the means (agency) that caused the death, was the homicide justifiable, who was responsible
Who shoulders the major responsibility in determining the cause of death?
the autopsy surgeon
The report of the postmortem examination contains the autopsy surgeon’s findings. What are the five parts of this report?
the preamble, external appearance, internal examination, opinion based on facts found, signature
Autopsy technique utilizes ______ ______ and ________
external examination, dissection
Body temperature, lividity and rigor mortis indicate what during an on-the-scene examination?
time of death
The general appearance of the body and its stomach contents afford the pathologist a means of _____ ___ ____ ___ ______ within reasonable time limits.
fixing the time of death
Who specializes int eh detection of chemical, physical, and biological toxins?
toxicologist
What are the scientific mean for identification of the partial remains of victims in suspicious deaths?
fingerprints, dental work, bones, surgical procedures
What is a major problem, regarding identification, when dealing with burned, skeletal, or mutilated remains?
locating the antemortem, before death, records
Tooth formation typically ends when a person is about ___ years of age
22
The only certain time element in the beginning phases of a homicide investigation is the ____ _____ ____ ____ ______
time the crime was discovered
After death the body begins to cool through the process of _____ _______
algor mortis
During algol mortis, the boys temperature begins to fall until it reaches the ambient air temperature, which usually occurs within ____ to ______ hours.
18, 20
Biochemical changes in the body after death result in a stiffening of the muscles and is called _______ _______
rigor mortis
Rigor mortis usually appears within ___ to ___ hours
2, 6
Rigor mortis takes ___to ____ hours to complete.
6, 12
Rigor mortis will remain in the body for ____ or ____days
2, 3
Postmortem lividity is noticeable approximately __ hours after death.
1
Postmortem lividity is fully developed within ____ to ___ hours
3, 4
Lividity appears as _____ or ______ marks on the skin
blue, reddish
Fresh livid stains are not produced by a change in position ____ hours after death
12
Decomposition or putrefaction begins at the time of death as a result of what two processes?
autolysis and bacterial action
A chemical breakdown of the body that results in the softening and liquefaction of body tissue?
autolysis
________ _______ converts body tissue into liquids and gases.
bacterial action
Discoloration of the skin is noticeable within ____ hours
24
Discoloration of the skin is pronounced within _____ hours
36
Larvae or maggots can reduce a boy to skeletal remains in less than ____ months under favorable conditions
2
The basic pattern of a criminal homicide ordinarily is exposed in the ________ _______ of a suspicious death.
initial investigation
_______ is the killing of a number of victims by one or more person working in concert.
multicide
________ _______ is the homicide of four or more victims during a single event at one location.
mass murder
______ ______ is the killing of three or more persons within a relatively short time frame.
spree killing
______ ______ is two or more separate murders when an individual, acting alone or with another, commits multiple homicides over a period of time with breaks between each murder event.
serial murder
hears voices, has visions, break from reality demand he/she kill certain types of people, out of touch with reality, psychotic, possible competency issues
visionary serial killer
needs to eradicate a certain group, not psychotic, in touch with reality, self imposed duty to rid the world
mission serial killer
connection between personal violence and sexual gratification, killing for them is eroticized,
hedonistic serial killer (subtype - lust or thrill killers)
kill for personal gain or professional assassins
comfort oriented serial murder
sexual gratification from complete domination, gratification that he has power over another rhumbaed being, complete domination result in sexual pleasure, psychologically rooted in reality, a true sociopath
power and control serial killer
What will determine whether a killing was the work of an organized or a disorganized offender?
crime scene or lack of
above average intelligence, methodical, cunning, crimes thought out and planned, likely to own a car in good condition, mobile and travel many more miles than avg person, fantasy and ritual are important, victims are usually strangers, victims share common traits, socially adept, use verbal skills to manipulate, watch news coverage and take souvenirs
organized offenders
inadequate individuals, intense sadistic sexual fantasies, suddenly acts out fantasies, victims of opportunity, crime scene disorganized, actions and behavior could be seen a psychotic, below avg intelligence, generally loners, not married, live alone or with relatives close to crime scene socially inadequate, struggle with interpersonal relationships, act impulsively, does not won vehicle but has access to one, blitz style attack
disorganized offender
A ______ _____ ______ involves a situation where most of the activities take place at one location: the confrontation, attack, assault, sexual activity
clustered crime scene
__________ is a clearinghouse for information regarding serial killers administered by the FBI.
VICAP (Violent Criminal Apprehension Program)
The reopening of any felony crime where prior investigative activity has exhausted all investigative leads without a resolution and the case has been inactive for some time is called what?
cold case investigation
Cold case investigative concepts involve what three concepts?
relationships, science, fresh set of eyes
An unlawful beating or other wrongful physical harm inflicted on a human being without his or her consent.
battery
______ ______ are often murder attempts that have failed as a result of the intervention of witnesses, prompt medical treatment, or pure luck.
aggravated assaults
What type of injuries make up about 10% of all child abuse cases?
burn injuries
In a ______ _______ ______ the depth of the burn is uniform, the borders are very distinct with sharply defined edges, little evidence indicates thrashing of the child which means child was held in place.
deliberate immersion burns
_____ ______ are caused by flames or hot solid objects.
contact burns
Cigarette burns and iron burns are the most common tyre of what injury?
contact burns
_______ _______ are usually more shallow, irregular, and less defined.
accidental burns
_____ ______ _____ occurs primarily in children 18 months or younger because their necks lack the muscle control and their heads are heavier than the rest of their bodies.
shaken baby syndrome
What is a classic medical symptom associated with shaken baby syndrome?
retinal hemorrhaging
________ ________ is a psychological disorder in which the patient fabricates the symptoms of the disease or injury in order to undergo medical tests, hospitalization, or even medical or surgical treatment.
munchausen syndrome
If a parent or caretaker suffering from Munchausen Syndrome attempt to bring medical attention to themselves by injuring or inducing illness in their children it is called what?
munchausen syndrome by proxy
An inconclusive finding: rather, a diagnosis made when no other medical explanation can account for the abrupt death of an apparently healthy infant.
SIDS
SIDS rarely occurs in infants older than __ months.
7
SIDS is almost never an appropriate finding in children older than __ months.
12
