Chapter 8 - Coding Endocrine Conditions Flashcards
Terminology
Thyroid gland
P. 198
A two-lobed gland located in the neck that reaches around the trachea laterally and connect anteriorly by an isthmus. The thyroid gland produces hormones used for metabolic function.
• two hormones secreted by this gland – triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) – are collectively known as thyroid hormone (TH).
Parathyroid glands
P. 198
Four small glands situated on the back of the thyroid gland that secrete parathyroid hormone.
Hypothyroidism
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A condition in which the thyroid converts energy more slowly than normal, resulting in an otherwise unexplained weight gain and fatigue.
Diabetes mellitus (DM)
P. 203
A chronic systemic disease that results from insulin deficiency or resistance and causes the body to improperly metabolize carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
Polydipsia
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Excessive thirst.
Polyuria
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Excessive urination.
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (IDDM)
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A sudden onset of insulin deficiency that may occur at any age but most often arises in childhood and adolescence; also known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), juvenile diabetes or type 1.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)
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A form of diabetes mellitus with a gradual onset that may develop at any age but most often occurs in adults over the age of 40; also known as non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) or type 2.
Dyslipidemia
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Abnormal lipoprotein metabolism.
Secondary diabetes mellitus
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Diabetes caused by medication or another condition or disease.
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)
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Usually a temporary diabetes mellitus occurring during pregnancy; however, such patients have an increased risk of later developing type 2 diabetes.
Hypoglycemics
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Prescription, non insulin medications designed to lower a patient’s glycemic level.
Hyperglycemia
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Abnormally high levels of glucose.
Hypoglycemia
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Abnormally low glucose levels.
Diabetes insipidus (DI)
P. 210
Is a disorder of water metabolism that is the result of in antidiuretic hormone (ADH) deficiency.
• intracranial neoplastic or metastatic lesions, hypophysectomy or other neurosurgery, or skull fractures or other head trauma that damages the neurohypophyseal structures can all incite DI.
Cushing’s syndrome
P. 211
A condition resulting from the hyperproduction of corticosteroids, most often caused by in adrenal cortex tumor or a tumor of the pituitary gland.