Chapter 8 - Cellular Reproduction

Question 1

A benign tumor is a condition in which tumor cells _______

Answer 1

remain confined to their original site

Question 2

Which of the following is a function of the cell cycle that involves mitosis in eukaryotes?

Answer 2

Cell replacement

Question 3

The cell cycle is a series of events that occur in which order?

Answer 3

G1, S, G2, Mitosis, cytokenesis

Question 4

The process of meiosis accomplishes which of the following choices?

Answer 4

It provides for formation of four haploid cells and allows exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes

Question 5

How many chromosomes can a gamete possess as a result of nondisjunction?

Answer 5

n+1 or n-1

Question 6

Ordinary cell division produces two daughter cells that are genetically identical. This type of cell division is important for all of the following EXCEPT

Answer 6

Production of sperm and eggs

Question 7

Meiosis and cytokinesis result in the formation of _______

Answer 7

Four haploid cells

Question 8

Which of the following will help prevent cancer and increase survival?

Answer 8

Seek early detection of tumors

Question 9

The cell cycle results in the production of ________

Answer 9

two cells, each with the same amount of genetic material and the same genetic information

Question 10

With the exception of gametes, a human cell contains _____ chromosomes

Answer 10

46

Question 11

A duplicated chromosomes consists of two ____

Answer 11

sister chromatids

Question 12

Asexual reproduction ________

Answer 12

can produce offspring genetically identical to the one single parent

Question 13

Which of these events occurs during anaphase?

Answer 13

Sister chromatids separate

Question 14

How is sexual reproduction different from asexual reproduction?

Answer 14

Sexual reproduction requires fertilization of an egg by a sperm

Question 15

During metaphase _____

Answer 15

chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

Question 16

Chromosomes that do not determine the sex of an individual are called _____

Answer 16

autosomes

Question 17

Crossing over is ______

Answer 17

the exchange of corresponding portions of homologous chromosomes

Question 18

A cell that completed the cell cycle without undergoing cytokineses would _______

Answer 18

have two nuclei

Question 19

Most of an organism’s DNA is carried by its ______

Answer 19

chromosomes

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct order for the four main stages of mitosis?

Answer 20

Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Question 21

During metaphase I ______

Answer 21

homologous chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

Question 22

Replication of chromosomal DNA occurs ______

Answer 22

in the S phase of interphase

Question 23

The chromosomes of eukaryotic cells are found in the _____

Answer 23

nucleus

Question 24

Which of the following occur during interphase?

Answer 24

Chromosome duplication

Question 25

A consequence of asexual reproduction in a plant is that ____

Answer 25

its entire legacy can remain intact

Question 26

During anaphase II ____

Answer 26

sister chromatids separate and migrate toward opposite poles

Question 27

Which one of the following combinations of sex chromosomes results in Turner syndrome?

Answer 27

XO

Question 28

During meiosis, homologous chromosomes pair during ____

Answer 28

prophase I

Question 29

Crossing over is ____

Answer 29

the exchange of corresponding portions of homologous chromosomes

Question 30

The diploid phase of the human life cycle begins with _____

Answer 30

fertilization

Question 31

What is the function of meiosis?

Answer 31

To make cells with a haploid (half that of the parents) number of chromosomes

Question 32

When we say than an organism is haploid, we mean that ____

Answer 32

its cells each have one set of chromosomes

Question 33

Crossing over occurs during _____

Answer 33

prophase I

Question 34

Which of the following is a normal human female?

Answer 34

XX

Question 35

During meiosis, homologous chromosomes sometimes "stick together" and do not separate properly. The phenomenon is known as ______

Answer 35

nondisjunction

Question 36

Mitosis and meiosis differ in several ways. Mitosis, but not meiosis, ____

Answer 36

results in two genetically identical daughter cells

Question 37

In a cell containing 10 chromosomes, meiosis results in the formation of daughter cells containing ___ chromosomes

Answer 37

5

Question 38

What is the normal result of a diploid cell undergoing meiosis?

Answer 38

four haploid cells

Question 39

Each cell in an individual with down syndrome contains ___ chromosomes

Answer 39

47

Question 40

A human bone marrow cell, in prophase of mitosis, contains 46 chromosomes. How many chromatids does is contain altogether?

Answer 40

92

Question 41

It is difficult to observe individual chromosomes with a light microscope during interphase because _____

Answer 41

they have uncoiled to form long, thin strands

Question 42

In the telophase of mitosis, the mitotic spindle breaks down and the chromatin uncoils. This is essentially the opposite of what happens in _____

Answer 42

prophase

Question 43

One event occurring during prophase is _____

Answer 43

the beginning of the formation of the mitotic spindle

Question 44

Which one of the following occurs during mitosis?

Answer 44

Chromatids separate

Question 45

In animal cell mitosis, the cleavage furrow forms during _____

Answer 45

cytokinesis

Question 46

What is the difference between a benign tumor and a malignant tumor?

Answer 46

Benign tumors do not metastasize: malignant tumors do

Question 47

The ability to reproduce sexually or asexually _____

Answer 47

is a criterion for distinguishing living things from nonliving matter

Question 48

Most of an organism's DNA is carried by its

Answer 48

chromosomes

Question 49

Sexual reproduction requires the cellular process of ____ followed by _____

Answer 49

meiosis...fertilization

Question 50

A typical body cell with 23 pairs of chromosomes is called a _____

Answer 50

somatic cell

Question 51

Which of the following statements is correct?

Answer 51

Meiosis results in gametes that are used in reproduction

Question 52

Orientation of homologous pairs of chromosomes at metaphase I results in alternative arrangements that contribute to genetic variation in offspring. The orientation is called ____

Answer 52

independent assortment