CHAPTER 8: BONE TISSUE

Question 1

the main constituent of the adult skeleton

Answer 1

Bone Tissue

Question 2

provides solid support for the body, protects vital
organs such as those in the cranial and thoracic
cavities, and encloses internal (medullary) cavities
containing bone marrow where blood cells are
formed.

Answer 2

Bone Tissue

Question 3

also serves as a reservoir of calcium, phosphate,
and other ions that can be released or stored in a
controlled fashion to maintain constant
concentrations in body fluids.

Answer 3

Bone Tissue

Question 4

form a system of levers that multiply the forces
generated during skeletal muscle contraction and
transform them into bodily movements.

Answer 4

Bone

Question 5

a specialized connective tissue composed of
calcified extracellular material called bone matrix

Answer 5

Bone

Question 6

lined on their internal and external surfaces by
layers of connective tissue containing osteogenic
cells— endosteum on the internal surface
surrounding the marrow cavity and periosteum on
the external surface.

Answer 6

Bone

Question 7

a specialized connective tissue composed of
calcified extracellular material called

Answer 7

bone matrix

Question 8

layers of connective tissue containing osteogenic
cells— _____________ on the internal surface
surrounding the marrow cavity a

Answer 8

endosteum

Question 9

______- on
the external surface.

Answer 9

periosteum

Question 10

which are found in cavities (lacunae) between bone
matrix layers (lamellae), with cytoplasmic processes
in small canaliculi (L. canalis, canal) that extend into
the matrix

Answer 10

Osteocyte

Question 11

communicate with one another and ultimately with
nearby osteoblasts and bone lining cells via _________

Answer 11

gap
junctions

Question 12

allow osteocytes to serve as
mechanosensors detecting the mechanical load on
the bone as well as stress- or fatigue-induced
microdamage and to trigger remedial activity in
osteoblasts and osteoclasts.

Answer 12

gap junctions