Chapter 8- Blood and Lymphatic System Flashcards
anemia
reduction of red blood cells noticed by the patient as weakness and fatigue
ecchymosis
large bruise
hematoma
mass of blood within an organ, cavity, or tissue
hemophilia
condition in which the blood doesn’t clot, thus causing excessive bleeding
hemorrhage
excessive blood loss
petechia
small bruise
reperfusion injury
injury to tissue that occurs after blood flow is restored
lymphadenopathy
any disease of a lymph gland (node); used to refer to noticeably swollen lymph nodes, especially in the neck
lymphedema
swelling caused by abnormal accumulation of lymph, usually in the extremities
splenalgia
pain in the spleen
splenodynia
pain in the spleen
anisocytosis
condition characterized by a great inequality in the size of red blood cells
elliptocyte
oval red blood cells
elliptocytosis
condition characterized by an increase in the number of oval-shaped red blood cells
embolism
blockage in a blood vessel caused by an embolus
embolus
mass of matter present in the blood
erythrocyte
red blood cell
erythrocytosis
abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells
hematopoiesis
formation of blood cells
hemolysis
breakdown of blood cells
leukocyte
white blood cell
leukocytosis
increase in the number of white blood cells
leukopenia
deficiency in white blood cells
macrocytosis
condition characterized by large red blood cells
microcytosis
condition characterized by small red blood cells
myelopoiesis
formation of bone marrow
neutropenia
deficiency in neutrophil
normocyte
normal-sized red blood cell
oligocythemia
deficiency in the number of red blood cells
pancytopenia
deficiency in all cellular components of the blood
phagocytosis
process in which phagocytes (a type of white blood cell) destroy (or eat) foreign microorganisms or cell debris
poikilocytosis
condition characterized by red blood cells in a variety of shapes
polycythemia
excess of red blood cells
reticulocyte
immature red blood cell; the root comes from its netlike appearance
spherocyte
red blood cell that assumes a spherical shape
thrombocyte
cell that helps blood clot; also known as a platelet
thrombocytopenia
deficiency in the number of platelets (clot cells)
thrombocytosis
increase in the number of platelets (clot cells)
thromboembolism
blockage of a vessel (embolism) caused by a clot that has broken off from where it formed
thrombogenic
capable of producing a blood clot
thrombosis
the formation of a blood clot
thrombus
blood clot
asplenia
absence of a spleen or of spleen function
hepatosplenomegaly
enlargement of the liver and spleen
lymphocyte
lymph cell
lymphopenia
abnormal deficiency in lymph
splenectopy
displacement of the spleen; sometimes called floating spleen
splenolysis
breakdown (destruction) of spleen tissue
splenomalacia
softening of the spleen
splenomegaly
enlargement of the spleen
splenoptosis
downward displacement (drooping) of the spleen
thymic hyperplasia
overdevelopment of the thymus
antibody
substance produced by the body in response to an antigen
antigen
substance that causes the body to produce antibodies
hematocrit
test to judge or separate the blood; it is used to determine the ratio of red blood cells to total blood volume
hematology
study of the blood
hemoglobin
iron-containing pigment in red blood cells that carries oxygen to the cells
hypoperfusion
inadequate flow of blood
immunoglobulin
protein that provides protection (immunity) against disease
immunology
study of the immune system
immunologist
specialist in the study of the immune system
lymphangiogram
record of the study of lymph vessels
lymphangiography
procedure to study the lymph vessels
perfusion
circulation of blood through tissue
phlebology
study of veins
phlebotomist
specialist in drawing blood
phlebotomy
incision into a vein; another name for drawing blood
sphygmomanometer
fancy name for the device used to measure blood pressure
autoimmune disease
disease caused by the body’s immune system attacking the body’s own healthy tissue
coagulopathy
any disease that deals with problems in blood coagulation
deep vein thrombosis
formation of a blood clot in a vein deep in the body, most commonly the leg
hemoglobinopathy
disease of the hemoglobin
hypercoagulability
increased ability of the blood to coagulate
immunocompromised
having an immune system incapable of responding normally and completely to a pathogen or disease
immunodeficiency
immune system with decreased or compromised response to disease-causing organisms
immunosuppression
reduction in the activity of the body’s immune system
ischemia
blockage of blood flow to an organ
phlebarteriectasia
dilation of blood vessels
spherocytosis
condition in which red blood cells assume a spherical shape
thrombophlebitis
inflammation of vein caused by a clot
anemia
reduced red blood cells
aplastic anemia
anemia caused by red blood cells not being formed in sufficient quantities
hemolytic anemia
anemia caused by the destruction of red blood cells
iron deficiency anemia
anemia caused by inadequate iron intake
bilirubinemia
presence of bilirubin in the blood
hyperbilirubinemia
excessive bilirubin in the blood
hypercholesterolemia
excessive cholesterol in the blood
hyperlipidemia
excessive fat in the blood
hypervolemia
increased blood volume
hypovolemia
decreased blood volume
septicemia
presence of disease-causing microorganisms in the blood
uremia
presence of urine in the blood
hepatosplenitis
inflammation of the liver and spleen
hypersplenism
increased spleen activity
lymphadenitis
inflammation of a lymph gland (node)
lymphangiectasia
dilation of a lymph vessel, normally noticed by swelling in the extremities
lymphangitis
inflammation of lymph vessels
mononucleosis
condition characterized by an abnormally large number of mononuclear leukocytes
myelodysplasia
disease characterized by poor production of blood cells by the bone marrow
osteomyelitis
inflammation of bone and bone marrow
splenitis
inflammation of the spleen
splenopathy
any disease of the spleen
splenorrhexis
rupture of the spleen
thymopathy
disease of the thymus
tonsillitis
inflammation of a tonsil
leukemia
cancer of the blood or bone marrow characterized by the abnormal increase in white blood cells
lymphoma
tumor originating in lymphocytes
myeloma
cancerous tumor of the bone marrow; when the tumors are present in several bones, it is called multiple myeloma
thymoma
tumor of the thymus
anticoagulant
drug that prevents the coagulation of blood
hemostatic
drug that stops the flow of blood
thrombolytic
drug that breaks down blood clots
laparosplenectomy
surgical removal of the spleen through the abdomen
lymphadenectomy
surgical removal of a lymph gland (node)
lymphadenotomy
incision into a lymph gland (node)
nephrosplenopexy
surgical fixation of the spleen and a kidney
splenectomy
surgical removal of the spleen
thymectomy
surgical removal of the thymus
tonsillectomy
surgical removal of a tonsil
apheresis
general term for a process, similar to dialysis, that draws out a patient’s blood, removes something from it, then returns the rest of the blood to the patient’s body
cytapheresis
apheresis to remove cellular material
plasmapheresis
apheresis to remove plasma
plateletpheresis
apheresis to remove platelets (for the purpose of donating them to patients in need of platelets)
transfusion
infusion into a patient of blood from another source
AIDS
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
ALL
acute lymphoblastic leukemia
AML
acute myeloid leukemia
BMT
bone marrow transplant
CBC
complete blood count
CML
chronic myeloid leukemia
DIC
disseminated intravascular coagulopathy
EBV
Epstein-Barr virus
ESR
erythrocyte sedimentation rate
Hct
hematocrit
Hgb
hemoglobin
HIV
human immunodeficiency virus
HSM
hepatosplenomegaly
HUS
hemolytic uremic syndrome
INR
international normalized ratio
ITP
idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
IV
intravenous
IVIG
intravenous immunoglobulin
LAD
lymphadenopathy
PLT
platelet count
PT
prothrombin time
PTT
partial thromboplastin time
RBC
red blood count; red blood cell
TTP
thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
WBC
white blood count; white blood cell