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Med Term 104 > Chapter 5- Nervous System > Flashcards

Chapter 5- Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

aphasia

A

inability to speak

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2
Q

ataxia

A

lack of coordination

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3
Q

catatonia

A

condition characterized by reduced muscle tone

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4
Q

delirium

A

brief loss of mental function

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5
Q

dementia

A

loss/decline in mental function

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6
Q

dyskinesia

A

difficulty moving

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7
Q

dyslexia

A

difficulty reading

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8
Q

dysphasia

A

difficulty speaking

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9
Q

dystonia

A

condition characterized by involuntary muscle movements

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10
Q

insomnia

A

inability to sleep

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11
Q

myoclonus

A

muscle twitching

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12
Q

myospasm

A

involuntary muscle contraction

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13
Q

neurasthenia

A

nerve weakness

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14
Q

somnambulism

A

sleep walking

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15
Q

syncope

A

fainting; losing consciousness due to temporary loss of blood flow to brain

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16
Q

cephalalgia

A

head pain

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17
Q

cephalodynia

A

head pain

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18
Q

encephalalgia

A

brain pain

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19
Q

neuralgia

A

nerve pain

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20
Q

neurodynia

A

nerve pain

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21
Q

hemiparesis

A

partial paralysis on half the body

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21
Q

hemiparesis

A

partial paralysis on half the body

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22
Q

hemiplegia

A

paralysis on half the body

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23
Q

monoparesis

A

partial paralysis of one limb

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24
Q

monoplegia

A

paralysis of one limb

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25
Q

paralysis

A

complete loss of sensation and motor function

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26
Q

paresis

A

partial paralysis characterized by varying degrees of sensation and motor function

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27
Q

causalgia

A

painful sensation of burning

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28
Q

dysesthesia

A

bad feeling

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29
Q

hyperesthesia

A

increased sensation

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30
Q

paresthesia

A

abnormal sensation (usually numbness or tingling in the skin)

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30
Q

pseudesthesia

A

false sensation

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31
Q

synesthesia

A

condition where one sensation is experienced as another

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32
Q

acrophobia

A

fear of heights

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33
Q

agoraphobia

A

fear of outdoor spaces

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34
Q

hydrophobia

A

fear of water

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35
Q

kleptomania

A

desire to steal

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36
Q

photophobia

A

excessive sensitivity to light

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37
Q

pyromania

A

desire to set fire

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38
Q

echoencephalography

A

procedure used to examine the brain using sound waves

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39
Q

electroencephalography (EEG)

A

procedure used to examine the electrical activity of the brain

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40
Q

lumbar puncture (LP)

A

inserting a needle into the lumbar region of the spine in order to collect spinal fluid, commonly called a spinal tap

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41
Q

cerebral angiography

A

procedure used to examine blood vessels in the brain

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42
Q

magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)

A

procedure used to examine blood vessels

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43
Q

myelogram

A

image of the spinal cord, usually done using x-ray

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44
Q

positron emission tomography (PET) scan

A

an imaging procedure that uses radiation (positrons) to produce cross sections of the brain

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45
Q

transcranial Doppler sonography

A

an imaging technique that produces an image of the brain using sound waves sent through the skull

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46
Q

cerebellitis

A

inflammation of the cerebellum

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47
Q

cerebral atrophy

A

wasting away of brain tissue

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48
Q

duritis

A

inflammation of the dura

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49
Q

encephalocele

A

hernia of the brain (normally through a defect in the skull)

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50
Q

hematoma

A

a tumorlike mass made up of blood

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51
Q

cranial hematoma

A

a hematoma beneath the skull

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52
Q

epidural hematoma

A

a hematoma located on top of the dura

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53
Q

intracerebral hematoma

A

a hematoma located inside the brain

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54
Q

subdural hematoma

A

a hematoma located beneath the dura

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55
Q

macrocephaly

A

abnormally large head

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56
Q

microcephaly

A

abnormally small head

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57
Q

meningocele

A

a hernia of the meninges

58
Q

myelocele

A

a hernia of the spinal cord

59
Q

myelomalacia

A

abnormal softening of the spinal cord

60
Q

myelomeningocele

A

a hernia of the spinal cord and meninges

61
Q

neuritis

A

nerve inflammation

62
Q

neuroma

A

a nerve tumor

63
Q

neurosclerosis

A

hardening of nerves

64
Q

polyneuritis

A

inflammation of multiple nerves

65
Q

agnosia

A

inability to comprehend

66
Q

apathy

A

lack of emotion

67
Q

hyperkinesia

A

increase in muscle movement or activity

68
Q

neurasthenia

A

nerve weakness

69
Q

neuroglycopenia

A

deficiency of sugar that interferes with normal brain activity

70
Q

nystagmus

A

involuntary back and forth eye movements

71
Q

prosopagnosia

A

inability to recognize faces

72
Q

anesthesiologist

A

doctor who specializes in anesthesiology

73
Q

afferent nerve

A

a nerve that carries impulses toward the central nervous system

74
Q

efferent nerve

A

a nerve that carries impulses away from the central nervous system

75
Q

neurogenic

A

originating from/created by nerves

76
Q

psychiatrist

A

doctor who specializes in the treatment of the mind

77
Q

psychiatry

A

branch of medicine that focuses on the treatment of the mind

78
Q

psychogenic

A

originating in/created by the mind

79
Q

psychologist

A

doctor who specializes in the study of the mind

80
Q

psychology

A

branch of medicine that focuses on the study of the mind

81
Q

psychosomatic

A

pertaining to the relationship between the body and the mind

82
Q

idiopathic

A

having no known cause or origin

83
Q

interictal

A

time between seizures

84
Q

postictal

A

time after a seizure

85
Q

preictal

A

time before a seizure

86
Q

tonic

A

pertaining to muscle tone (normally weak or unresponsive)

87
Q

tonic

A

pertaining to muscle tone (normally weak or unresponsive)

88
Q

clonus

A

muscle spasm or twitching

89
Q

tonic-clonic seizure

A

a seizure characterized by both a tonic and a clonic phase

90
Q

cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

A

an accident involving the blood vessels of the brain

91
Q

stroke

A

loss of brain function caused by interruption of blood flow/supply to the brain

92
Q

hemorrhagic stroke

A

a stroke where the blood loss is caused by the rupture of a blood vessel

93
Q

ischemic stroke

A

a stroke where the blood loss is caused by a blockage

94
Q

transient ischemic attack (TIA)

A

a “mini-stroke” caused by the blockage of a blood vessel, which resolves (goes away) within 24 hours

95
Q

cerebrovascular disease

A

a disease of the blood vessels of the brain

96
Q

cerebral aneurysm

A

the widening or abnormal dilation of a blood vessel in the brain

97
Q

cerebral arteriosclerosis

A

the hardening of an artery in the brain

98
Q

cerebral atherosclerosis

A

the hardening of an artery in the brain caused by the buildup of fatty plaque

99
Q

cerebral embolism

A

the blockage of a blood vessel in the brain caused by a foreign object (embolus) such as fat or bacteria

100
Q

cerebral thrombosis

A

the blockage of a blood vessel in the brain caused by a blood clot

101
Q

craniomalacia

A

abnormal softening of the skull

102
Q

craniosclerosis

A

abnormal hardening of the skull

103
Q

craniostenosis

A

abnormal narrowing of the skull

104
Q

craniosynostosis

A

premature fusing of the skull bones

105
Q

hydrocephaly

A

abnormal accumulation of spinal fluid in the brain

106
Q

astrocytoma

A

a tumor of arising from astrocyte glial cells

107
Q

ganglioma

A

ganglion tumor

108
Q

glioblastoma

A

a brain tumor arising from glioblast cells

109
Q

meningioma

A

tumor of the meninges

110
Q

cerebellitis

A

inflammation of the cerebellum

111
Q

cerebromeningitis

A

inflammation of the brain and meninges

112
Q

encephalitis

A

inflammation of the brain

113
Q

encephalomyelitis

A

inflammation of the brain and spinal cord

114
Q

encephalomyeloneuropathy

A

disease of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves

115
Q

encephalopathy

A

disease of the brain

116
Q

encephalopyosis

A

a pus-filled abscess in the brain

117
Q

gangliitis

A

inflammation of a ganglion

118
Q

intracerebral hemorrhage

A

excessive bleeding inside the brain

119
Q

meningopathy

A

disease of the meninges

120
Q

meningitis

A

inflammation of the meninges

121
Q

meningoencephalitis

A

inflammation of the meninges and brain

122
Q

myelitis

A

inflammation of the spinal cord

123
Q

myelodysplasia

A

defective formation of the spinal cord

124
Q

myelopathy

A

disease of the spinal cord

125
Q

neuroarthropathy

A

disease of the joint associated with nerves

126
Q

neuroencephalomyelopathy

A

disease of the nerves, brain, and spinal cord

127
Q

neuropathy

A

disease of the nervous system

128
Q

poliomyelitis

A

inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord

129
Q

polyneuropathy

A

disease affecting multiple nerves

130
Q

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)

A

a degenerative disease of the central nervous system causing loss of muscle control. Literally, the hardening (sclerosis) of the nerve cells on the sides (lateral) of the spine leading to the loss of muscle tissue from disuse

131
Q

anorexia

A

an eating disorder characterized by the patient’s refusal to eat

132
Q

autism

A

a psychiatric disorder characterized by withdrawal from communication with others; the patient is focused only on the self

133
Q

bulimia

A

an eating disorder characterized by overeating and usually followed by forced vomiting

134
Q

cerebral palsy

A

paralysis caused by damage to the area of the brain responsible for movement

135
Q

dysphoria

A

a negative emotional state

136
Q

epilepsy

A

a disease marked by seizures

137
Q

euphoria

A

a positive emotional state

138
Q

hypomania

A

a mental state just below mania

139
Q

manic depression (bipolar)

A

a psychiatric disorder characterized by alternating bouts of excitement and depression

140
Q

myasthenia

A

Muscle weakness

141
Q

narcolepsy

A

A disease characterized by sudden, uncontrolled sleepiness

142
Q

neurosis

A

a nerve condition

143
Q

psychosis

A

a mind condition

144
Q

psychopathy

A

a mental illness

145
Q

schizophrenia

A

a mental illness characterized by delusions, hallucinations, and disordered speech

Med Term 104 (10 decks)

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