Chapter 12- Urinary and Male Reproductive Systems Flashcards
1
Q
anuria
A
lack of urination
2
Q
cystalgia
A
pain in the bladder
3
Q
cystodynia
A
pain in the bladder
4
Q
cystoplegia
A
bladder paralysis
5
Q
dysuria
A
painful urination
6
Q
enuresis
A
involutary urination
7
Q
hematuria
A
bloody urination
8
Q
incontinence
A
inability to control urination
9
Q
nephralgia
A
pain in the kidney
10
Q
nocturia
A
nighttime urination
11
Q
nocturnal enuresis
A
nighttime involuntary urination
12
Q
oliguria
A
low urine output
13
Q
polydipsia
A
excessive thirst
14
Q
polyuria
A
excessive urination
15
Q
pyuria
A
pus in the urine
16
Q
ureteralgia
A
pain in the ureter
17
Q
urethrodynia
A
pain in the urethra
18
Q
urethrorrhea
A
discharge from the urethra
19
Q
urocyanosis
A
blue urine
20
Q
urodynia
A
blue urine
21
Q
balanorrhea
A
discharge from the penis
22
Q
orchialgia
A
testicle pain
23
Q
orchidoptosis
A
downward displacement of a testicle
24
Q
orchiodynia
A
testicle pain
25
priapism
persistent and painful erection
26
albuminuria
protein in the urine
27
azotemia
excess nitrogen in the blood
28
azotorrhea
excessive discharge of nitrogen
29
azoturia
excess nitrogen in the urine
30
cystorrhexis
rupture of the bladder
31
dipsogenic
creating thirst
32
glucosuria
sugar in the urine
33
glycosuria
sugar in the urine
34
hyperkalemia
excessive potassium in the blood
35
hyponatremia
low sodium in the blood
36
ketolysis
breakdown of ketones
37
ketonuria
presence of ketones in the urine
38
meatal stenosis
narrowing of the opening of the urethra
39
nephroptosis
downward displacement of a kidney
40
nephrosis
kidney condition
41
uremia
urine in the blood
42
ureterocele
hernia of a ureter
43
ureterolithiasis
presence of stones in a ureter
44
ureterostenosis
narrowing of a ureter
45
urethrospasm
involuntary contraction of the urethra
46
urethrostenosis
narrowing of the urethra
47
cystoscopy
process for examining the bladder
48
meatoscope
instrument for examining the opening of the urethra
49
meatoscopy
process for examining the opening of the urethra
50
nephroscopy
procedure for examining a kidney
51
resectoscope
instrument for examining and cutting (usually the prostate)
52
ureteroscopy
process of examining a ureter
53
urethroscope
instrument for examining the urethra
54
urethroscopy
process of examining the urethra
55
urinalysis (UA)
analysis of the urine to determine presence of abnormal elements
56
blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
nitrogen in the blood in the form of urea; it is the product of the breakdown of amino acids for energy
57
diuresis
excessive urination
58
nephrologist
specialist in the kidneys
59
nephrology
study of the kidneys
60
urologist
specialist in the urinary tract
61
urology
study of the urinary tract
62
uropoiesis
formation of urine
63
uroxanthin
substance in urine that makes it yellow
64
voiding
another term for urination
65
anorchidism
lack of a testicle
66
aspermia
condition characterized by lack of sperm
67
azoospermia
condition characterized by lack of living sperm
68
cryptorchidism
hidden testicle
69
hydrocele
fluid-filled mass in a testicle
70
hypospadias
birth defect in which the opening of the urethra is on the underside, instead of the end, of the penis
71
oligospermia
condition characterized by low sperm production
72
phimosis
contraction of the foreskin of the penis, preventing it from being retracted
73
prostatolith
stone in the prostate
74
prostatomegaly
abnormal enlargement of the prostate
75
prostatorrhea
discharge from the prostate
76
seminoma
type of testicular cancer arising from sperm-forming tissue
77
spermatocele
hernia or distention of the epididymis caused by sperm cells
78
spermatolysis
destruction of sperm cells
79
digital rectal exam (DRE)
examination of the prostate using a finger inserted into the rectum
80
ejaculation
emission of semen from the urethra
81
gonads
pair of organs used for sexual reproduction; in males, they are the testicles, and in females, they are the ovaries
82
spermatogenesis
creation of sperm
83
vas deferens
vessel carrying sperm from the testicles
84
cystogram
image of the bladder
85
cystography
process for recording/imaging the bladder
86
nephrogram
image of a kidney
87
nephrography
procedure for imaging a kidney
88
nephrosonography
procedure for imaging a kidney using sound waves
89
pyelogram
image of the renal pelvis
90
renal angiogram
image of a kidney blood vessel
91
renal angiography
process of imaging a kidney blood vessel
92
renal arteriogram
image of a kidney artery
93
retrograde pyelogram
image of the renal pelvis produced by injecting a contrast dye from the bladder to the kidney
94
ultrasonography
imaging procedure using high-frequency sound waves
95
voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)
imaging procedure of the bladder and urethra produced during urination
96
transrectal ultrasonography
procedure using a probe inserted into the rectum using high-frequency sound waves to scan through the rectum to nearby tissue (most commonly, the prostate)
97
urethrogram
image of the urethra
98
cystitis
inflammation of the bladder
99
cystocele
hernia of the bladder
100
cystolith
stone in the bladder
101
cystoptosis
downward displacement of the bladder
102
cystospasm
involuntary contraction of the bladder
103
cystoureteritis
inflammation of the bladder and ureter
104
cystourethrocele
hernia of the bladder and urethra
105
glomerulonephritis
inflammation of the kidneys involving primarily the glomeruli
106
glomerulopathy
disease of the kidney involving primarily the glomeruli
107
glomerulosclerosis
hardening of the glomeruli
108
hydronephrosis
kidney condition caused by the obstruction of urine flow
109
lithonephritis
inflammation of the kidneys caused by stones
110
nephritis
inflammation of the kidney
111
nephrocele
hernia of a kidney
112
nephrohypertrophy
overdevelopment of the kidney
113
nephrolithiasis
presence of stones in the kidney
114
nephromalacia
abnormal softening of a kidney
115
nephromegaly
abnormal enlargement of a kidney
116
nephropathy
any kidney disease
117
nephroptosis
downward displacement of a kidney
118
nephrosclerosis
abnormal hardening of a kidney
119
polycystic kidney disease (PKD)
disease characterized by the formation of many fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys
120
pyelitis
inflammation of the renal pelvis
121
pyelocystitis
inflammation of the renal pelvis and bladder
122
pyelocystostomosis
creation of an opening between the renal pelvis and bladder
123
pyelonephritis
inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis
124
pyelopathy
disease of the renal pelvis
125
pyeloureterectasia
dilation of the renal pelvis and ureter
126
pyonephritis
inflammation of the kidney caused by pus
127
pyonephrolithiasis
presence of pus and stones in the kidney
128
pyopyeloectasis
pus in a dilated renal pelvis
129
renal failure
kidney failure
130
renal ischemia
deficiency of blood in a kidney
131
stress urinary incontinence (SUI)
loss of bladder control caused by the application of external pressure
132
ureteritis
inflammation of a ureter
133
ureteropyelitis
inflammation of a ureter and renal pelvis
134
ureteropyelonephritis
inflammation of a kidney, renal pelvis, and ureter
135
urethritis
inflammation of the urethra
136
urethrocystitis
inflammation of the urethra and bladder
137
urinary tract infection (UTI)
infection of the urinary tract
138
uropathy
disease of the urinary tract
139
vesicocele
hernia of the bladder
140
vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)
abnormal flow of urine from the bladder back into the ureters
141
balanitis
inflammation of the penis
142
benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH)
noncancerous overdevelopment of the prostate, also known as enlarged prostate
143
benign prostate hypertrophy
another term for benign prostate hyperplasia
144
epididymitis
inflammation of the epididymis
145
epididymo-orchitis
inflammation of the testicles and epididymis
146
orchiditis
inflammation of the testicles
147
orchiepididymitis
inflammation of the testicles and epididymis
148
orchiopathy
disease of the testicles
149
orchitis
inflammation of the testicles
150
prostatitis
inflammation of the prostate
151
prostatocystitis
inflammation of the prostate and bladder
152
prostatovesiculitis
inflammation of the prostate and seminal vesicles
153
testitis
inflammation of a testicle
154
varicocele
overexpansion of the blood vessels of the testicles, leading to a soft tumor
155
cystoma
tumor of the bladder
156
hypernephroma
another name for renal cell carcinoma
157
nephroma
kidney tumor
158
renal cell carcinoma
cancer of the kidneys
159
seminoma
type of testicular cancer arising from sperm-forming tissue
160
testicular carcinoma
testicular cancer
161
chlamydia
sexually transmitted disease characterized by genital discharge and painful urination, caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis
162
gonorrhea
a sexually transmitted disease characterized by discharge from the gonads, caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae
163
herpes simplex virus (HSV)
a family of highly contagious viruses that effect mucous membranes and produce watery blisters that eventually scab over
164
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
a disease that compromises a patient’s immune system leaving them open to other opportunistic infections. The late stage of this disease is referred to as AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome).
165
human papilloma virus (HPV)
a virus that can cause warts and precancerous lesions in genital areas
NOTE: The name refers to the “nipple-like” appearance of the precancerous lesions. Nearly all cervical cancers are HPV.
166
syphilis
a sexually transmitted disease characterized at first by skin irritations then later developing into neurological and heart symptoms, caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum
167
trichomoniasis
a sexually transmitted disease characterized by genital itching, painful urination, and genital discharge, caused by the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis
168
antispasmodic
drug used to prevent spasms
169
diuretic
agent that causes urination
170
nephrotoxin
agent poisonous to the kidney
171
spermicide
agent that kills sperm
172
spermolytic
agent that kills sperm
173
cystectomy
surgical removal of the bladder
174
cystolithectomy
surgical removal of a stone in the bladder
175
cystostomy
creation of an opening in the bladder
176
extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)
breakdown of kidney stones using sound waves generated outside the body
177
fulguration
use of electric current to destroy tissue
178
heminephrectomy
surgical removal of half a kidney
179
heminephroureterectomy
surgical removal of half a kidney and a ureter
180
hemodialysis
procedure for removing waste from the bloodstream
181
intracorporeal lithotripsy
breakdown of kidney stones using a device placed inside the body
182
kidney dialysis
procedure for removing waste from the blood (a shorter name for hemodialysis)
183
laparonephrectomy
surgical removal of a kidney through the abdomen
184
lithectomy
surgical removal of a stone
185
lithocystotomy
incision into the bladder to remove a stone
186
lithonephrotomy
incision into a kidney to remove a stone
187
lithotripsy
breakdown of a stone
188
meatoplasty
surgical reconstruction of the opening of the urethra
189
meatorrhaphy
suture of the opening of the urethra
190
meatotomy
incision into the opening of the urethra
191
nephrectomy
surgical removal of a kidney through the abdomen
192
nephrocystanastomosis
opening of a passageway between a kidney and the bladder
193
nephrolithotomy
incision into a kidney to remove a stone
194
nephropexy
surgical fixation of a kidney
195
nephrorrhaphy
suture of a kidney
196
nephrostomy
creation of an opening in a kidney
197
nephrotomy
incision into a kidney
198
nephroureterectomy
surgical removal of a kidney and ureter
199
pyelolithotomy
incision into a renal pelvis to remove a stone
200
pyeloplasty
surgical reconstruction of a renal pelvis
201
pyelostomy
creation of an opening in a renal pelvis
202
pyelotomy
incision into a renal pelvis
203
renal angioplasty
surgical reconstruction of a kidney blood vessel
204
ureteroileostomy
creation of an opening between a ureter and the ileum (a portion of the small intestine)
205
ureteronephrectomy
surgical removal of a kidney and ureter
206
ureteroplasty
surgical reconstruction of a ureter
207
ureterorrhaphy
suture of a ureter
208
urethrectomy
surgical removal of the urethra
209
urethropexy
surgical fixation of the urethra
210
urethroplasty
surgical reconstruction of the urethra
211
urethrotomy
incision into the urethra
212
urinary catheterization
insertion of a catheter into the bladder to drain urine
213
urostomy
creation of an opening in the urinary tract, normally to divert urine flow away from a diseased bladder
214
vesicostomy
creation of an opening in the bladder
215
vesicotomy
incision into the bladder
216
balanoplasty
surgical reconstruction of the penis
217
circumcision
surgical removal of the foreskin of the penis
218
epididymectomy
surgical removal of the epididymis
219
epididymotomy
incision into the epididymis
220
hydrocelectomy
surgical removal of a hydrocele
221
orchidectomy
surgical removal of a testicle
222
orchidopexy
surgical fixation of a testicle
223
orchidotomy
incision into a testicle
224
orchiectomy
surgical removal of a testicle
225
orchiopexy
surgical fixation of a testicle
226
orchioplasty
surgical reconstruction of a testicle
227
prostatectomy
surgical removal of the prostate
228
prostatolithotomy
incision into the prostate to remove a stone
229
prostatovesiculectomy
surgical removal of the prostate and seminal vesicles
230
transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)
procedure of removing all or part of the prostate by the insertion of a resectoscope into the urethra
231
vasectomy
surgical removal of the vas deferens
232
vasovasostomy
creation of an opening between two vessels; this is the technical term for a vasectomy reversal
233
vesiculectomy
surgical removal of the seminal vesicles
