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Med Term 104 > Chapter 12- Urinary and Male Reproductive Systems > Flashcards

Chapter 12- Urinary and Male Reproductive Systems Flashcards

1
Q

anuria

A

lack of urination

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2
Q

cystalgia

A

pain in the bladder

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3
Q

cystodynia

A

pain in the bladder

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4
Q

cystoplegia

A

bladder paralysis

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5
Q

dysuria

A

painful urination

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6
Q

enuresis

A

involutary urination

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7
Q

hematuria

A

bloody urination

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8
Q

incontinence

A

inability to control urination

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9
Q

nephralgia

A

pain in the kidney

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10
Q

nocturia

A

nighttime urination

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11
Q

nocturnal enuresis

A

nighttime involuntary urination

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12
Q

oliguria

A

low urine output

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13
Q

polydipsia

A

excessive thirst

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14
Q

polyuria

A

excessive urination

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15
Q

pyuria

A

pus in the urine

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16
Q

ureteralgia

A

pain in the ureter

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17
Q

urethrodynia

A

pain in the urethra

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18
Q

urethrorrhea

A

discharge from the urethra

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19
Q

urocyanosis

A

blue urine

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20
Q

urodynia

A

blue urine

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21
Q

balanorrhea

A

discharge from the penis

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22
Q

orchialgia

A

testicle pain

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23
Q

orchidoptosis

A

downward displacement of a testicle

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24
Q

orchiodynia

A

testicle pain

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25
Q

priapism

A

persistent and painful erection

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26
Q

albuminuria

A

protein in the urine

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27
Q

azotemia

A

excess nitrogen in the blood

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28
Q

azotorrhea

A

excessive discharge of nitrogen

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29
Q

azoturia

A

excess nitrogen in the urine

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30
Q

cystorrhexis

A

rupture of the bladder

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31
Q

dipsogenic

A

creating thirst

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32
Q

glucosuria

A

sugar in the urine

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33
Q

glycosuria

A

sugar in the urine

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34
Q

hyperkalemia

A

excessive potassium in the blood

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35
Q

hyponatremia

A

low sodium in the blood

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36
Q

ketolysis

A

breakdown of ketones

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37
Q

ketonuria

A

presence of ketones in the urine

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38
Q

meatal stenosis

A

narrowing of the opening of the urethra

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39
Q

nephroptosis

A

downward displacement of a kidney

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40
Q

nephrosis

A

kidney condition

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41
Q

uremia

A

urine in the blood

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42
Q

ureterocele

A

hernia of a ureter

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43
Q

ureterolithiasis

A

presence of stones in a ureter

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44
Q

ureterostenosis

A

narrowing of a ureter

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45
Q

urethrospasm

A

involuntary contraction of the urethra

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46
Q

urethrostenosis

A

narrowing of the urethra

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47
Q

cystoscopy

A

process for examining the bladder

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48
Q

meatoscope

A

instrument for examining the opening of the urethra

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49
Q

meatoscopy

A

process for examining the opening of the urethra

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50
Q

nephroscopy

A

procedure for examining a kidney

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51
Q

resectoscope

A

instrument for examining and cutting (usually the prostate)

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52
Q

ureteroscopy

A

process of examining a ureter

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53
Q

urethroscope

A

instrument for examining the urethra

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54
Q

urethroscopy

A

process of examining the urethra

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55
Q

urinalysis (UA)

A

analysis of the urine to determine presence of abnormal elements

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56
Q

blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

A

nitrogen in the blood in the form of urea; it is the product of the breakdown of amino acids for energy

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57
Q

diuresis

A

excessive urination

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58
Q

nephrologist

A

specialist in the kidneys

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59
Q

nephrology

A

study of the kidneys

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60
Q

urologist

A

specialist in the urinary tract

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61
Q

urology

A

study of the urinary tract

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62
Q

uropoiesis

A

formation of urine

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63
Q

uroxanthin

A

substance in urine that makes it yellow

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64
Q

voiding

A

another term for urination

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65
Q

anorchidism

A

lack of a testicle

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66
Q

aspermia

A

condition characterized by lack of sperm

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67
Q

azoospermia

A

condition characterized by lack of living sperm

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68
Q

cryptorchidism

A

hidden testicle

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69
Q

hydrocele

A

fluid-filled mass in a testicle

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70
Q

hypospadias

A

birth defect in which the opening of the urethra is on the underside, instead of the end, of the penis

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71
Q

oligospermia

A

condition characterized by low sperm production

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72
Q

phimosis

A

contraction of the foreskin of the penis, preventing it from being retracted

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73
Q

prostatolith

A

stone in the prostate

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74
Q

prostatomegaly

A

abnormal enlargement of the prostate

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75
Q

prostatorrhea

A

discharge from the prostate

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76
Q

seminoma

A

type of testicular cancer arising from sperm-forming tissue

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77
Q

spermatocele

A

hernia or distention of the epididymis caused by sperm cells

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78
Q

spermatolysis

A

destruction of sperm cells

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79
Q

digital rectal exam (DRE)

A

examination of the prostate using a finger inserted into the rectum

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80
Q

ejaculation

A

emission of semen from the urethra

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81
Q

gonads

A

pair of organs used for sexual reproduction; in males, they are the testicles, and in females, they are the ovaries

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82
Q

spermatogenesis

A

creation of sperm

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83
Q

vas deferens

A

vessel carrying sperm from the testicles

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84
Q

cystogram

A

image of the bladder

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85
Q

cystography

A

process for recording/imaging the bladder

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86
Q

nephrogram

A

image of a kidney

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87
Q

nephrography

A

procedure for imaging a kidney

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88
Q

nephrosonography

A

procedure for imaging a kidney using sound waves

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89
Q

pyelogram

A

image of the renal pelvis

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90
Q

renal angiogram

A

image of a kidney blood vessel

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91
Q

renal angiography

A

process of imaging a kidney blood vessel

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92
Q

renal arteriogram

A

image of a kidney artery

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93
Q

retrograde pyelogram

A

image of the renal pelvis produced by injecting a contrast dye from the bladder to the kidney

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94
Q

ultrasonography

A

imaging procedure using high-frequency sound waves

95
Q

voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)

A

imaging procedure of the bladder and urethra produced during urination

96
Q

transrectal ultrasonography

A

procedure using a probe inserted into the rectum using high-frequency sound waves to scan through the rectum to nearby tissue (most commonly, the prostate)

97
Q

urethrogram

A

image of the urethra

98
Q

cystitis

A

inflammation of the bladder

99
Q

cystocele

A

hernia of the bladder

100
Q

cystolith

A

stone in the bladder

101
Q

cystoptosis

A

downward displacement of the bladder

102
Q

cystospasm

A

involuntary contraction of the bladder

103
Q

cystoureteritis

A

inflammation of the bladder and ureter

104
Q

cystourethrocele

A

hernia of the bladder and urethra

105
Q

glomerulonephritis

A

inflammation of the kidneys involving primarily the glomeruli

106
Q

glomerulopathy

A

disease of the kidney involving primarily the glomeruli

107
Q

glomerulosclerosis

A

hardening of the glomeruli

108
Q

hydronephrosis

A

kidney condition caused by the obstruction of urine flow

109
Q

lithonephritis

A

inflammation of the kidneys caused by stones

110
Q

nephritis

A

inflammation of the kidney

111
Q

nephrocele

A

hernia of a kidney

112
Q

nephrohypertrophy

A

overdevelopment of the kidney

113
Q

nephrolithiasis

A

presence of stones in the kidney

114
Q

nephromalacia

A

abnormal softening of a kidney

115
Q

nephromegaly

A

abnormal enlargement of a kidney

116
Q

nephropathy

A

any kidney disease

117
Q

nephroptosis

A

downward displacement of a kidney

118
Q

nephrosclerosis

A

abnormal hardening of a kidney

119
Q

polycystic kidney disease (PKD)

A

disease characterized by the formation of many fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys

120
Q

pyelitis

A

inflammation of the renal pelvis

121
Q

pyelocystitis

A

inflammation of the renal pelvis and bladder

122
Q

pyelocystostomosis

A

creation of an opening between the renal pelvis and bladder

123
Q

pyelonephritis

A

inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis

124
Q

pyelopathy

A

disease of the renal pelvis

125
Q

pyeloureterectasia

A

dilation of the renal pelvis and ureter

126
Q

pyonephritis

A

inflammation of the kidney caused by pus

127
Q

pyonephrolithiasis

A

presence of pus and stones in the kidney

128
Q

pyopyeloectasis

A

pus in a dilated renal pelvis

129
Q

renal failure

A

kidney failure

130
Q

renal ischemia

A

deficiency of blood in a kidney

131
Q

stress urinary incontinence (SUI)

A

loss of bladder control caused by the application of external pressure

132
Q

ureteritis

A

inflammation of a ureter

133
Q

ureteropyelitis

A

inflammation of a ureter and renal pelvis

134
Q

ureteropyelonephritis

A

inflammation of a kidney, renal pelvis, and ureter

135
Q

urethritis

A

inflammation of the urethra

136
Q

urethrocystitis

A

inflammation of the urethra and bladder

137
Q

urinary tract infection (UTI)

A

infection of the urinary tract

138
Q

uropathy

A

disease of the urinary tract

139
Q

vesicocele

A

hernia of the bladder

140
Q

vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)

A

abnormal flow of urine from the bladder back into the ureters

141
Q

balanitis

A

inflammation of the penis

142
Q

benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH)

A

noncancerous overdevelopment of the prostate, also known as enlarged prostate

143
Q

benign prostate hypertrophy

A

another term for benign prostate hyperplasia

144
Q

epididymitis

A

inflammation of the epididymis

145
Q

epididymo-orchitis

A

inflammation of the testicles and epididymis

146
Q

orchiditis

A

inflammation of the testicles

147
Q

orchiepididymitis

A

inflammation of the testicles and epididymis

148
Q

orchiopathy

A

disease of the testicles

149
Q

orchitis

A

inflammation of the testicles

150
Q

prostatitis

A

inflammation of the prostate

151
Q

prostatocystitis

A

inflammation of the prostate and bladder

152
Q

prostatovesiculitis

A

inflammation of the prostate and seminal vesicles

153
Q

testitis

A

inflammation of a testicle

154
Q

varicocele

A

overexpansion of the blood vessels of the testicles, leading to a soft tumor

155
Q

cystoma

A

tumor of the bladder

156
Q

hypernephroma

A

another name for renal cell carcinoma

157
Q

nephroma

A

kidney tumor

158
Q

renal cell carcinoma

A

cancer of the kidneys

159
Q

seminoma

A

type of testicular cancer arising from sperm-forming tissue

160
Q

testicular carcinoma

A

testicular cancer

161
Q

chlamydia

A

sexually transmitted disease characterized by genital discharge and painful urination, caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis

162
Q

gonorrhea

A

a sexually transmitted disease characterized by discharge from the gonads, caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae

163
Q

herpes simplex virus (HSV)

A

a family of highly contagious viruses that effect mucous membranes and produce watery blisters that eventually scab over

164
Q

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

A

a disease that compromises a patient’s immune system leaving them open to other opportunistic infections. The late stage of this disease is referred to as AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome).

165
Q

human papilloma virus (HPV)

A

a virus that can cause warts and precancerous lesions in genital areas
NOTE: The name refers to the “nipple-like” appearance of the precancerous lesions. Nearly all cervical cancers are HPV.

166
Q

syphilis

A

a sexually transmitted disease characterized at first by skin irritations then later developing into neurological and heart symptoms, caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum

167
Q

trichomoniasis

A

a sexually transmitted disease characterized by genital itching, painful urination, and genital discharge, caused by the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis

168
Q

antispasmodic

A

drug used to prevent spasms

169
Q

diuretic

A

agent that causes urination

170
Q

nephrotoxin

A

agent poisonous to the kidney

171
Q

spermicide

A

agent that kills sperm

172
Q

spermolytic

A

agent that kills sperm

173
Q

cystectomy

A

surgical removal of the bladder

174
Q

cystolithectomy

A

surgical removal of a stone in the bladder

175
Q

cystostomy

A

creation of an opening in the bladder

176
Q

extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)

A

breakdown of kidney stones using sound waves generated outside the body

177
Q

fulguration

A

use of electric current to destroy tissue

178
Q

heminephrectomy

A

surgical removal of half a kidney

179
Q

heminephroureterectomy

A

surgical removal of half a kidney and a ureter

180
Q

hemodialysis

A

procedure for removing waste from the bloodstream

181
Q

intracorporeal lithotripsy

A

breakdown of kidney stones using a device placed inside the body

182
Q

kidney dialysis

A

procedure for removing waste from the blood (a shorter name for hemodialysis)

183
Q

laparonephrectomy

A

surgical removal of a kidney through the abdomen

184
Q

lithectomy

A

surgical removal of a stone

185
Q

lithocystotomy

A

incision into the bladder to remove a stone

186
Q

lithonephrotomy

A

incision into a kidney to remove a stone

187
Q

lithotripsy

A

breakdown of a stone

188
Q

meatoplasty

A

surgical reconstruction of the opening of the urethra

189
Q

meatorrhaphy

A

suture of the opening of the urethra

190
Q

meatotomy

A

incision into the opening of the urethra

191
Q

nephrectomy

A

surgical removal of a kidney through the abdomen

192
Q

nephrocystanastomosis

A

opening of a passageway between a kidney and the bladder

193
Q

nephrolithotomy

A

incision into a kidney to remove a stone

194
Q

nephropexy

A

surgical fixation of a kidney

195
Q

nephrorrhaphy

A

suture of a kidney

196
Q

nephrostomy

A

creation of an opening in a kidney

197
Q

nephrotomy

A

incision into a kidney

198
Q

nephroureterectomy

A

surgical removal of a kidney and ureter

199
Q

pyelolithotomy

A

incision into a renal pelvis to remove a stone

200
Q

pyeloplasty

A

surgical reconstruction of a renal pelvis

201
Q

pyelostomy

A

creation of an opening in a renal pelvis

202
Q

pyelotomy

A

incision into a renal pelvis

203
Q

renal angioplasty

A

surgical reconstruction of a kidney blood vessel

204
Q

ureteroileostomy

A

creation of an opening between a ureter and the ileum (a portion of the small intestine)

205
Q

ureteronephrectomy

A

surgical removal of a kidney and ureter

206
Q

ureteroplasty

A

surgical reconstruction of a ureter

207
Q

ureterorrhaphy

A

suture of a ureter

208
Q

urethrectomy

A

surgical removal of the urethra

209
Q

urethropexy

A

surgical fixation of the urethra

210
Q

urethroplasty

A

surgical reconstruction of the urethra

211
Q

urethrotomy

A

incision into the urethra

212
Q

urinary catheterization

A

insertion of a catheter into the bladder to drain urine

213
Q

urostomy

A

creation of an opening in the urinary tract, normally to divert urine flow away from a diseased bladder

214
Q

vesicostomy

A

creation of an opening in the bladder

215
Q

vesicotomy

A

incision into the bladder

216
Q

balanoplasty

A

surgical reconstruction of the penis

217
Q

circumcision

A

surgical removal of the foreskin of the penis

218
Q

epididymectomy

A

surgical removal of the epididymis

219
Q

epididymotomy

A

incision into the epididymis

220
Q

hydrocelectomy

A

surgical removal of a hydrocele

221
Q

orchidectomy

A

surgical removal of a testicle

222
Q

orchidopexy

A

surgical fixation of a testicle

223
Q

orchidotomy

A

incision into a testicle

224
Q

orchiectomy

A

surgical removal of a testicle

225
Q

orchiopexy

A

surgical fixation of a testicle

226
Q

orchioplasty

A

surgical reconstruction of a testicle

227
Q

prostatectomy

A

surgical removal of the prostate

228
Q

prostatolithotomy

A

incision into the prostate to remove a stone

229
Q

prostatovesiculectomy

A

surgical removal of the prostate and seminal vesicles

230
Q

transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)

A

procedure of removing all or part of the prostate by the insertion of a resectoscope into the urethra

231
Q

vasectomy

A

surgical removal of the vas deferens

232
Q

vasovasostomy

A

creation of an opening between two vessels; this is the technical term for a vasectomy reversal

233
Q

vesiculectomy

A

surgical removal of the seminal vesicles

Med Term 104 (10 decks)

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