Chapter 8 Benign Disease of the Female Pelvis

Question 1

What term describes the surgical removal of adhesions or scar tissue

Answer 1

Adhesiolysis

Question 2

What term describes the failure of a woman to ovulate

Answer 2

Anovulation

Question 3

Blood filled ovarian cyst resulting from endometrial implants

Answer 3

Endometrioma

Question 4

What fluid filled mass is located in the cervical canal

Answer 4

Nabothian cyst

Question 5

What is a focal area of decreased echogenicity within the myometrium

Answer 5

Leiomyoma

Question 6

What is an acquired condition associated with polycystic ovaries

Answer 6

Cushing Syndrome

Question 7

Which of the following describes the sonographic appearance of a mature teratoma
1`) Echogenic foci with fluid/ solid levels
2) Unilocular, thin walled cyst with low level debris
3) Ascites with a large multiseptate tumor
4) Solid, hypoechoic mass with posterior enhancement

Answer 7

1) Echogenic foci with fluid/solid levels

Question 8

A 35 year old woman presents with an acute onset of pain with bloating and a palpable mass. During the sonographic exam , a unilocular mass with lower level debris and thin walls is observed. What is the most likely differential for these findings?

1) Thecoma
2) Brenner tumor
3) Serous cystadenoma
4) Gonadoblastoma

Answer 8

3) Serous cystadenoma

Question 9

A 8 year old presents to the ER with a history of early onset of puberty, increasing abdominal girth, breast tenderness, and right-sided pain. During the sono exam, a unilateral, multiloculated 8 cm mass with low level internal echoes images. What is the most likely differential for these findings?

1) Theca cell tumor
2) Granulosa cell tumor
3) Fibrothecoma
4) Brenner tumor

Answer 9

2) Granulosa cell tumor

Question 10

What is the most common benign ovarian neoplasm

Answer 10

Cystic teratoma

Question 11

What is the sonographic appearance of the endometrium in the patient with Asherman syndrome

Answer 11

Hypoechoic bridge- like bands

Question 12

What is the sonographic description for a leiomyoma

Answer 12

Whorled internal architecture of a mass

Question 13

A patient with a recent transplant complains of pressure and urinary frequency. Sonographic imaging demonstrates a septated, well-defined mass lateral to the bladder. What is the most likely cause for this finding

Answer 13

Lymphocele

Question 14

A 37 year old patient presents with complaints of a sudden onset of left lower pain, nausea, and vomiting. Her clinician palpated a large mass on the left side. The sonographic exam revealed a large, hyperechoic ovary. What step should the sonographer take to aid in diagnosis.

1) Move the focal zone anterior to the ovary
2) Decrease overall gain
3) Adjust TCG to make the ovary isoechoic
4) Check for flow with doppler

Answer 14

4) Check for flow with doppler

Question 15

A 16 year old patient presents with complaints of a sudden onset of right lower pain, nausea, and vomitting. Her clinician palpated a large mass on the right side without rebound tenderness. The sonographic exam revealed a large ovary with dilated vessels and fluid in the posterior cul-de-sac. A color doppler study revealed lack of flow in the right ovary. What is the most likely cause for this finding?

1) Simple functional cyst
2) Ovarian torsion
3) Endometrioma
4) Polycystic ovarian syndrome

Answer 15

2) Ovarian torsion

Question 16

Excessive hair of a woman

Answer 16

Hirsutism

Question 17

Hemorrhage into a leiomyoma that has outgrown its blood supply

Answer 17

Red degeneration

Question 18

Excessive secretion / production of androgens

Answer 18

Hyperandrogenism

Question 19

Collapsing and rolling forward

Answer 19

Involute

Question 20

Implantation of the placenta in the lower uterine segment or on the cervix

Answer 20

Placenta Previa

Question 21

Increased testosterone levels associated with PCOS

Answer 21

Hyperandrogenemia

Question 22

Form of carcinoma that grows into the uterine musculature

Answer 22

Chorioadenoma destruens

Question 23

Growth of the placenta into the myometrium

Answer 23

Placenta Accrete

Question 24

Select the cervical anomaly that does not cause bleeding

1) Leiomyoma
2) Polyp
3) Nabothian cyst
4) Hyperplasia

Answer 24

3) Nabothian cyst

Question 25

What is the most common tumor of the female pelvis

Answer 25

Leiomyomas

Question 26

A fibroma located within the myometrium is labeled

1) Subserosal/ serosal
2) Pedunculated
3) Intramural
4) Submucosal

Answer 26

3) Intramural

Question 27

Anechoic or complex lesions of the superior anterolateral vagina wall are

Answer 27

Gartner’s duct cyst

Question 28

The “right of fire” demonstrated peripherally when imaging a cyst with color or power doppler is related to

Answer 28

Corpus luteum cysts

Question 29

What syndrome presents as triad of ascites, pleural effusion , and an ovarian neoplasm

Answer 29

Meigs syndrome

Question 30

A posthysterectomy AP vaginal cuff should measure

Answer 30

Less than 2.2 cm

Question 31

What do paraovarian cysts arise from

Answer 31

Adnexa

Question 32

What are 3 other names for Leiomyomas

Answer 32

1) Myoma
2) Leiomyomata
3) Fibromyoma

Question 33

The normal appendix measures what from outer edge to outer edge

Answer 33

less than 6 cm

Question 34

If fallopian tubes are detected sonographically as tubular, tortuous, and fluid filled a diagnosis may be

Answer 34

1) Hydrosalpinx

2) Pyosalpinx

Question 35

Ovarian torsion presents mostly on which side

Answer 35

Right