Chapter 8 And 9 Flashcards
A bond formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms
Covalent bond
A neutral group of atoms joined together by covalent bonds
Molecule
A molecule consisting of two atoms
Diatomic molecule
A compound that is composed of molecules
Molecular compound
A chemical formula of a molecular molecule compound that shows the kinds and numbers of atoms present in a molecule of a compound
Molecular formula
A bond formed when two atoms share a pair of electrons
Single covalent bond
A chemical formula that shows the arrangement of atoms in a molecule or a polyatomic ion; each dash between a pair of atoms indicates a pair of shared electrons
Structural formula
A pair of valence electrons that is not shared between atoms
Unshared pair
A bond in which two atoms share two pairs of electrons
Double covalent bond
A covalent bond in which three pairs of electrons are shared by two atoms
Triple covalent bond
A covalent bond in which one atom contributes both bonding electrons
Coordinate covalent bond
A tightly bound group of atoms that behaves as a unit and has a positive or negative charge
Polyatomic ion
The energy required to break the bond between two covalently bonded atoms
Bond dissociation energy
One of the two or more equally valid electron dot structures of a molecule or polyatomic ion
Resonance structure
A covalent bond in which the electrons are shared equally by the two atoms
Nonpolar covalent bond
A covalent bond between atoms in which the electrons are shared unequally
Polar covalent bond
A molecule in which one side of the molecule is slightly negative and the opposite side is slightly positive
Polar molecule
A molecule that has two poles, or regions, with opposite charges
Dipole
The two weakest intermolecular attraction-dispersion interactions and dipole forces
Van der Waals forces
Intermolecular forces resulting from the attraction of oppositely charged regions of polar molecules
Dipole interactions
Attractions between molecules caused by the electron motion on one molecule affecting the electron motion on the other through electrical forces; these are the weakest interactions between molecules
Dispersion forces
Attractive forces in which a hydrogen covalently bonded to a very electronegative atom is also weakly bonded to an unshared electron pair of another electronegative atom
Hydrogen bonds
A solid in which all of the atoms are covalently bonded to each other
Network solid
A single atom with a positive or negative charge resulting from the loss or gain of one or more valence electrons
Monatomic ion
A compound composed of two elements
Binary compound
A compound that produces hydrogen ions in solution
Acid
A compound that produces hydroxide ions in solution
Base
