Chapter 3

Question 1

A quantitative description that includes both a number and a unit

Answer 1

Measurement

Question 2

An expression of numbers in the form m x 10 to n, where m is equal to or greater than 1 and less that 10, and n is an integer

Answer 2

Scientific notation

Question 3

The closeness of a measurement to the true value of what is being measured

Answer 3

Accuracy

Question 4

Describes the closeness, or reproducibility, of a set of measurements taken under the same conditions

Answer 4

Precision

Question 5

A quantity used by general agreement of the scientific community

Answer 5

Accepted value

Question 6

A quantitative value measured during an experiment

Answer 6

Experimental value

Question 7

The difference between the accepted value and the experimental value

Answer 7

Error

Question 8

The percent that a measured value differs from the accepted value

Answer 8

Percent error

Question 9

All the digits that can be known precisely in a measurement, plus a last estimated digit

Answer 9

Significant figures

Question 10

The revised version of the metric system, adopted by international agreement in 1960

Answer 10

International system of units (SI)

Question 11

The base unit of length in SI

Answer 11

Meter

Question 12

The volume of a cube measuring 10 cm on each edge is the common unprefixed unit of measurement in the metric system

Answer 12

Liter

Question 13

The mass of 1 L of water at 4° C; it is the base unit of mass in SI

Answer 13

Kilogram

Question 14

A metric mass unit equal to the mass of 1cm3 of water at 4°C

Answer 14

Gram

Question 15

A force that measures the pull of gravity on a given mass

Answer 15

Weight

Question 16

The capacity for doing work or producing heat

Answer 16

Energy

Question 17

The SI unit of energy; 4.184 J equal one calorie

Answer 17

Joule

Question 18

The quantity of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 g of pure water 1°C

Answer 18

Calorie

Question 19

A measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in matter; determines the direction of heat transfer

Answer 19

Temperature

Question 20

The temperature scale on which the freezing point of water is 0°C and the boiling point is 100°C

Answer 20

Celsius scale

Question 21

The temperature scale in which the freezing point of water is 273 K and the boiling point is 373 K; 0 K is absolute zero

Answer 21

Kelvin scale

Question 22

The zero point on the Kelvin temperature scale, equivalent to -273.15°C

Answer 22

Absolute zero

Question 23

The ratio of the mass of an object to its volume

Answer 23

Density

Question 24

A ratio of equivalent measurements used to convert a quantity from one unit to another

Answer 24

Conversion factor

Question 25

A technique or problem-solving that uses the units that are part of a measurement to help solve the problem

Answer 25

Dimensional analysis