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Chemistry Vocab > Chapter 1 And 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 And 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

The means by which a society provides its members with those things needed and desired

A

Technology

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2
Q

A logical, systematic to the solution of a scientific problem; steps in the include making observations, testing hypotheses, and developing theories

A

Scientific method

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3
Q

Information obtained through the senses

A

Observation

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4
Q

A proposed explanation for an observation

A

Hypothesis

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5
Q

A repeatable procedure that is used to test a hypothesis

A

Experiment

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6
Q

The variable that is changed in an experiment; also called a manipulated variable

A

Independent variable

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7
Q

The variable that is observed during an experiment; also called responding variable

A

Dependent variable

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8
Q

A representation of an object or event

A

Model

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9
Q

A well-tested explanation for a broad set of observations

A

Theory

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10
Q

A concise statement that summarizes the results of many observations and experiments

A

Scientific law

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11
Q

A measure of the amount of matter that an object contains; the SI base unit of mass is the kilogram

A

Mass

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12
Q

A measure of the space occupied by a sample of matter

A

Volume

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13
Q

A property that depends on the amount of natter in a sample

A

Extensive property

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14
Q

A property that depends on the type of matter in a sample, not the amount of matter

A

Intensive property

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15
Q

Matter that has a uniform and definite composition; either an element or a compound; also called pure substance

A

Substance

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16
Q

A quality or condition of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the substance’s composition

A

Physical property

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17
Q

A form of matter that has a definite shape and volume

A

Solid

18
Q

A form of matter that flows, has a fixed volume, and an indefinite shape

A

Liquid

19
Q

A form of matter that takes the shape and volume of its container

A

Gas

20
Q

Describes the gaseous state of a substance that is generally a liquid or solid at room temperature

A

Vapor

21
Q

A change during which some properties of a material change, but the composition of the material does not change

A

Physical change

22
Q

A physical blend of two or more substances that are not chemically combined

A

Mixture

23
Q

A mixture that is not uniform in composition; components are not evenly distributed throughout the mixture

A

Heterogeneous mixture

24
Q

A mixture that is uniform in composition; components are evenly distributed and not easily distinguished

A

Homogeneous mixture

25
Q

A homogeneous mixture; consists of solutes dissolved in a solvent

A

Solution

26
Q

Any part of a sample with uniform composition and properties

A

Phase

27
Q

A process that separates a solid from the liquid in a heterogeneous mixture

A

Filtration

28
Q

A process used to separate components of a mixture using differences in boiling points

A

Distillation

29
Q

The simplest form of matter that has a unique set of properties

A

Element

30
Q

A substance that contains two or more elements chemically combined in a fixed proportion

A

Compound

31
Q

A change that produces matter with a different composition than the original matter

A

Chemical change

32
Q

A one- or two-letter representation of n element

A

Chemical symbol

33
Q

An arrangement of elements in which the elements are separated into groups based on a set of repeating properties

A

Periodic table

34
Q

A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table

A

Period

35
Q

A vertical column of elements in the periodic table

A

Group

36
Q

The ability of a substance to undergo a specific chemical change

A

Chemical property

37
Q

A change in which one or more reactants change into one or more products; characterized by the breaking of bonds in reactants and the formation of bonds in products

A

Chemical reaction

38
Q

A substance present at the start of a reaction

A

Reactant

39
Q

A substance produced in a chemical reaction

A

Product

40
Q

A solid that forms and settles out of a liquid mixture

A

Precipitate

41
Q

In any physical change or chemical reaction, mass is conserved; mass can be neither created or destroyed

A

Law of conservation of mass

Chemistry Vocab (6 decks)

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