Chapter 1 And 2

Question 1

The means by which a society provides its members with those things needed and desired

Answer 1

Technology

Question 2

A logical, systematic to the solution of a scientific problem; steps in the include making observations, testing hypotheses, and developing theories

Answer 2

Scientific method

Question 3

Information obtained through the senses

Answer 3

Observation

Question 4

A proposed explanation for an observation

Answer 4

Hypothesis

Question 5

A repeatable procedure that is used to test a hypothesis

Answer 5

Experiment

Question 6

The variable that is changed in an experiment; also called a manipulated variable

Answer 6

Independent variable

Question 7

The variable that is observed during an experiment; also called responding variable

Answer 7

Dependent variable

Question 8

A representation of an object or event

Answer 8

Model

Question 9

A well-tested explanation for a broad set of observations

Answer 9

Theory

Question 10

A concise statement that summarizes the results of many observations and experiments

Answer 10

Scientific law

Question 11

A measure of the amount of matter that an object contains; the SI base unit of mass is the kilogram

Answer 11

Mass

Question 12

A measure of the space occupied by a sample of matter

Answer 12

Volume

Question 13

A property that depends on the amount of natter in a sample

Answer 13

Extensive property

Question 14

A property that depends on the type of matter in a sample, not the amount of matter

Answer 14

Intensive property

Question 15

Matter that has a uniform and definite composition; either an element or a compound; also called pure substance

Answer 15

Substance

Question 16

A quality or condition of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the substance’s composition

Answer 16

Physical property

Question 17

A form of matter that has a definite shape and volume

Answer 17

Solid

Question 18

A form of matter that flows, has a fixed volume, and an indefinite shape

Answer 18

Liquid

Question 19

A form of matter that takes the shape and volume of its container

Answer 19

Gas

Question 20

Describes the gaseous state of a substance that is generally a liquid or solid at room temperature

Answer 20

Vapor

Question 21

A change during which some properties of a material change, but the composition of the material does not change

Answer 21

Physical change

Question 22

A physical blend of two or more substances that are not chemically combined

Answer 22

Mixture

Question 23

A mixture that is not uniform in composition; components are not evenly distributed throughout the mixture

Answer 23

Heterogeneous mixture

Question 24

A mixture that is uniform in composition; components are evenly distributed and not easily distinguished

Answer 24

Homogeneous mixture

Question 25

A homogeneous mixture; consists of solutes dissolved in a solvent

Answer 25

Solution

Question 26

Any part of a sample with uniform composition and properties

Answer 26

Phase

Question 27

A process that separates a solid from the liquid in a heterogeneous mixture

Answer 27

Filtration

Question 28

A process used to separate components of a mixture using differences in boiling points

Answer 28

Distillation

Question 29

The simplest form of matter that has a unique set of properties

Answer 29

Element

Question 30

A substance that contains two or more elements chemically combined in a fixed proportion

Answer 30

Compound

Question 31

A change that produces matter with a different composition than the original matter

Answer 31

Chemical change

Question 32

A one- or two-letter representation of n element

Answer 32

Chemical symbol

Question 33

An arrangement of elements in which the elements are separated into groups based on a set of repeating properties

Answer 33

Periodic table

Question 34

A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table

Answer 34

Period

Question 35

A vertical column of elements in the periodic table

Answer 35

Group

Question 36

The ability of a substance to undergo a specific chemical change

Answer 36

Chemical property

Question 37

A change in which one or more reactants change into one or more products; characterized by the breaking of bonds in reactants and the formation of bonds in products

Answer 37

Chemical reaction

Question 38

A substance present at the start of a reaction

Answer 38

Reactant

Question 39

A substance produced in a chemical reaction

Answer 39

Product

Question 40

A solid that forms and settles out of a liquid mixture

Answer 40

Precipitate

Question 41

In any physical change or chemical reaction, mass is conserved; mass can be neither created or destroyed

Answer 41

Law of conservation of mass