Chapter 8 (Advanced File Handling Techniques)

Question 1

When sorting data in ascending order, you arrange records from ________ to _______ based on the value in a specific field.

Answer 1

lowest to highest

Question 2

Normal alphabetic order is in _________ order.

Answer 2

ascending

Question 3

When computers sort string data, _______ values are used to make comparisons.

Answer 3

numeric

Question 4

When records are arranged one after another on the basis of the value in a particular field, this is sorting in _________ _____.

Answer 4

sequential order

Question 5

the value of the middle item when the values are listed in order

Answer 5

median value

Question 6

arithmetic average is called the….

Answer 6

mean

Question 7

This is often used in statistics because it represents a more typical case where half the values are below it and half are above it.

Answer 7

median

Question 8

A list of instructions that accomplish a task.

Answer 8

algorithm

Question 9

In this method, after each adjacent pair of items in a list has been compared once, the largest item in the list will have “sunk” to the bottom.

Answer 9

ascending bubble sort

Question 10

What is another phrase for a “bubble sort”?

Answer 10

a “sinking sort”

Question 11

exchanging the values of two items is called.

Answer 11

swap values

Question 12

Ducks in a row, New York office windows in a…

Answer 12

column

Question 13

You access a two-dimensional array value using 2 subscripts, in which the first subscript represents the _____ and the second subscript represents the _____.

Answer 13

row, column

Question 14

True or False: The legal values for a subscript (size - 1) is the same for both single-dimensional arrays and multi-dimensional arrays.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

What are others words for a two-dimensional arrays?

Answer 15

matrix, table

Question 16

A “real” order for storage

Answer 16

physical order

Question 17

The field of a record; its contents make the record unique among all records in a file.

Answer 17

key field

Question 18

storage locations in computer memory

Answer 18

addresses

Question 19

storing a list of key fields paired with the storage address for the corresponding data record.

Answer 19

to “index” records

Question 20

A computer’s ________ ______ takes care of locating available storage for records’ address

Answer 20

operating system

Question 21

The index is stored on a ______ or the disk.

Answer 21

portion

Question 22

When a record is removed from an indexed file, it does not have to be…

Answer 22

physically removed.

Question 23

Creating one extra field, which holds the physical address of the next logical record, in every record of stored data.

Answer 23

linked list

Question 24

It is more efficient to store and access records based on their _______ order than than their ________ order.

Answer 24

logical, physical

Question 25

When computers sort data, they always use ________ values when making comparisons.

Answer 25

numeric

Question 26

tempname = x
x=y
y = tempname

(pg 341)

Answer 26

This is a proper swap value formula

Question 27

a sorting algorithm in which a list of elements is arranged by comparing iterms in pairs; when an item is out of order, it is swapped with the item below/next to it

Answer 27

bubble sort

Question 28

a sorting algorithm in which list elements are examined and if an element is out of order relative to any of the items earlier in the list, each earlier item is moved down one position and then the tested element is placed in the “empty” spot.

Answer 28

insertion sort

Question 29

a sorting algorithm in which list values are divided into sorted and unsorted sublists; then, the unsorted sublist is repeatedly examined for its smallest value which is then moved to the end of the sorted sublist.

Answer 29

selection sort

Question 30

which sort is the one that uses sublists?

Answer 30

selection sort

Question 31

The greatest number of comparisons needed during each loop of a bubble sort is…

Answer 31

one less than the number of elements in the array

Question 32

True or False: For each element in a two-dimensional array, the first subscript represents the row number and the second one represents the column.

Answer 32

True

Question 33

a two-dimensional array is a type of…

Answer 33

multidimensional array

Question 34

You can store records in any physical order on the disk, but when you _____ records, you store a list of key fields paired with the _______ ________ for the corresponding data record.

Answer 34

index, storage address

Question 35

A disk is an example of a ______-______ storage device

Answer 35

random-access

Question 36

Creating a ______ ___ involves creating one extra field in every record of stored data. This field holds the PHYSICAL address of the next LOGICAL record.

Answer 36

linked list

Question 37

This type of sort compares list items in pairs, swapping any two adjacent values that are out of order.

Answer 37

bubble sort

Question 38

True or False: The bubble sort is the most efficient compared to others.

Answer 38

False, it is simply considered more easy to understand

Question 39

A two-dimensional array declared as num myArray[4][10], has how many columns?

Answer 39

Ten

Question 40

In a two-dimensional array declared as num myArray[12][17], the highest row number is….

Answer 40

Eleven / 11

Question 41

True or False: When you store a list of key fields paired with the storage address for the corresponding data record, you are creating a linked list.

Answer 41

False, you are creating an index.

Question 42

In terms of an index, every record contains a field that holds the address of another record in a….

Answer 42

linked list