Chapter 2

Question 1

A “data type” is a classification that describes 3 things about an item. What are those things?

Answer 1

1. What values can be assigned to it
2. How the item is stored.
3. What operations can be performed on that item.

Question 2

This word describes data that consists of numbers and can have arithmetic operations performed on it.

Answer 2

Numeric

Question 3

What is a non-numeric data type called?

Answer 3

a “string”

Question 4

What is the difference between integers and floating-point numbers?

Answer 4

Integers are whole numbers, while floating-point numbers make use of decimal points/places.

Question 5

What is another word for floating-point numbers?

Answer 5

Real numbers

Question 6

A numeric constant is a specific numeric value. Therefore, it is…

Answer 6

Literal.

Question 7

A specific group of characters enclosed within quotation marks.

Answer 7

Literal string constant

Question 8

A literal numeric or string constant is called

Answer 8

an unnamed constant

Question 9

A feature of some programming languages that prevent assigning values of an incorrect data type

Answer 9

Type-safety

Question 10

What would you call programming languages that prevent the assignment of an incorrect value to a data type?

Answer 10

Strongly-typed

Question 11

The name of a program component

Answer 11

Identifier

Question 12

the limited word set that is reserved in a programming language

Answer 12

keywords

Question 13

What are, objectively, the ugliest naming conventions?

Answer 13

Hungarian notation and Kebob notation

Question 14

What symbol is the assignment operator?

Answer 14

Equal sign.

Question 15

A value used by an operator

Answer 15

Operand.

Question 16

An operator that requires 2 operands - one on each side of it.

Answer 16

Binary operator.

Question 17

This makes it so that a value on the right of a binary operator is saved to a memory address defined on the left of that same binary operator

Answer 17

Assignment statement.

Question 18

In an assignment statement, what can go on the right?

Answer 18

A variable or constant

Question 19

A more specific word for the operand on the left side of an operator that holds the memory address identifier

Answer 19

L-value

Question 20

An unknown value stored in an unassigned variable

Answer 20

Garbage

Question 21

Assigning a variable’s first value at the same time that said variable is declared is called:

Answer 21

Initializing the variable.

Question 22

What makes a named constant, or “magic number” different from other variables?

Answer 22

Its value cannot change after its first assignment.

Question 23

Dictate the order in which operations within the same statement are carried out

Answer 23

Rules of Precedence

Question 24

Arithmetic operations use ________, while variable assignments use _________

Answer 24

left-to-right associativity, right-to-left associativity

Question 25

Small units that, combined together, create the whole of the program

Answer 25

Modules

Question 26

What are 4 synonyms for "modules"?

Answer 26

1. Subroutines 2. Functions 3. Procedures 4. Methods

Question 27

Using a module's name to invoke it, which simultaneously executes it.

Answer 27

"Calling a module"

Question 28

The act of reducing a large program into more small-sized, manageable modules.

Answer 28

Functional decomposition.

Question 29

The process of paying attention to important properties, while ignoring nonessential details.

Answer 29

Abstraction.

Question 30

A feature of modular programs that allowed modules within the program to be applied in other programs.

Answer 30

Reusability.

Question 31

The greater program that calls upon other, smaller modules.

Answer 31

The mainline logic.

Question 32

This marks the end of the module and identifies the point at which control returns to the mainline logic or the module that called upon it.

Answer 32

The module's return statement.

Question 33

The act of containing a task's instructions inside of a module

Answer 33

Encapsulation.

Question 34

A memory location wherein the computer keeps track of the correct memory address to which it should return after executing a module.

Answer 34

Stack.

Question 35

Measures the degree to which all of a module's statements contribute to the same task.

Answer 35

Functional cohesion.

Question 36

Data items that are recognizable to a module

Answer 36

Visible

Question 37

What is visible data also called?

Answer 37

"In scope"

Question 38

Variables that are declared only within the module that uses them.

Answer 38

"Local"

Question 39

A _______ module is one that has a high level of reusability.

Answer 39

portable

Question 40

Variables that are known to an entire program (mainline logic as well as all encapsulated modules) are called _________

Answer 40

Global variables.

Question 41

Steps that are performed at the beginning of a program to prepare the program to run efficiently.

Answer 41

Housekeeping tasks.

Question 42

Steps of a program that are repeated for each set of input data.

Answer 42

Detail loop tasks.

Question 43

The steps you take at the end of a program to finish the application/return to the program's mainline logic.

Answer 43

End-of-job tasks.

Question 44

Written explanations that are not a part of the program's logic, but that serve as documentation for those reading the program.

Answer 44

Program comments.

Question 45

Internal documentation

Answer 45

Documentation within a coded program.

Question 46

Programs that contain meaningful identifiers which describe their purpose

Answer 46

Self-documenting programs

Question 47

A list of every variable name used in a program, including their type, size, and description.

Answer 47

Data dictionary.

Question 48

Temporary variables are also called ______.

Answer 48

work variables.

Question 49

the act of repeating input back to the user in either a subsequent prompt or in output

Answer 49

Echoing input.

Question 50

A message displayed on a monitor that asks the user for a response (and sometimes describes how that response should be given)

Answer 50

Prompt.

Question 51

A declaration is a statement that provides these things for a variable:

Answer 51

1. A data type. 2. An identifier 3. (Optionally) an initial value.

Question 52

Two separate data types:

Answer 52

1. numeric. | 2. string.

Question 53

Identifiers should always be the 3 following:

Answer 53

1. One word 2. Begin with a letter 3. Appropriate/meaningful

Question 54

The rules of precedence can be overwritten with ________.

Answer 54

Parentheses

Question 55

The number of chained calls among modules is only limited by...

Answer 55

the amount of memory available on the computer.

Question 56

A rectangle with a bar across the top is the symbol for _______.

Answer 56

modules

Question 57

These can be used for long arithmetic processes and to hold intermediate results during a program's execution

Answer 57

Temporary variables.

Question 58

What is the input statement called that precedes a loop?

Answer 58

Priming input