Chapter 8: Adult Communication Disorders

Question 1

right hemisphere dysfunction

Answer 1

responsible for paralinguistic features (tone of voice, expression)

Question 2

what does right hemisphere dysfunction result from?

Answer 2

stroke in the right hemisphere

Question 3

what does RHD affect?

Answer 3

language and cognition
visual spatial information
emotional expression

Question 4

Characteristics of RHD

Answer 4

denial
left side neglect
difficulty recognizing faces
decreased pragmatic skills etc.

Question 5

dysarthria

Answer 5

motor speech disorder
brain can’t make articulators move

Question 6

dysphagia

Answer 6

swallowing disorder

Question 7

what areas do we assess to identify RHD

Answer 7

speech/language/reading/writing
higher level language skills
visual perceptual performance
pragmatic appropriateness

Question 8

treatment targets of RHD

Answer 8

attention
visual disruptions
memory
higher level cognitive linguistic tasks
paralinguistic aspects

Question 9

traumatic brain injury

Answer 9

neurological damage to the brain resulting from the impact of external forces

Question 10

how might someone get a TBI?

Answer 10

open/closed head injuries
concussions
fall
accident
abuse

Question 11

characteristics of TBI?

Answer 11

psychosocial
cognitive
linguistic

Question 12

psychosocial skills (TBI)

Answer 12

decreased ability to express and comprehend emotions, express empathy
decreased motivation to communicate with others

Question 13

cognitive skills (TBI)

Answer 13

attention
memory
planning
organizing
reasoning

Question 14

linguistic skills (TBI)

Answer 14

decreased vocabulary/grammatical skills/conversational skills

Question 15

Identifying TBI

Answer 15

initially relies on rating scales of conscientiousness and once clients become more aware they do more cognitive testing

Question 16

treatment targets of TBI

Answer 16

stimulation/arousal
follow simple commands
increase basic communication, memory, orientation, word retrieval and problem solving

Question 17

aphasia

Answer 17

absence of language

Question 18

aphasia results from?

Answer 18

neurological injury to the language dominant hemisphere (usually left)

Question 19

aphasia includes

Answer 19

disturbances of receptive and expressive abilities for language

Question 20

stroke

Answer 20

most common cause of aphasia
when supply of oxygen to brain is interrupted
cerebrovascular accident

Question 21

risk factors of stroke

Answer 21

age
gender
racial/ethnic backgrounds
males great risk

Question 22

controllable factors of stroke

Answer 22

high BP
diabetes
smoking
alcohol

Question 23

classification of aphasia

Answer 23

depends on location of brain that is damaged and language symptoms occur

Question 24

2 ways to classify fluency

Answer 24

fluent
nonfluent

Question 25

fluent

Answer 25

wernickes aphasia
not aware of difficulty
speech with no meaning

Question 26

nonfluent

Answer 26

brocas aphasia
aware of difficulty
have language but labored speech

Question 27

identification of aphasia

Answer 27

screening alertness, responsiveness, speaking, listening, reading, writing

Question 28

spontaneous recovery

Answer 28

brain has ability to try and heal itself

Question 29

brain plasticity

Answer 29

brain tries to heal itself
capacity to reorganize and take over damaged functions of brain