Chapter 8 Flashcards
the managerial function that involves the deployment of resources in a way that will achieve strategic goals
organizing
a system of consciously coordinated activities of two or more people
organization
organization formed to make money, or profits, by offering products or services
for-profit organization
organization formed to offer services to certain clients, not to make a profit
nonprofit organization
voluntary collectives whose purpose is to advance members’ interests
mutual-benefit organizations
a system of tasks and reporting relationships that coordinate and motivate an organization’s members so that they can work together to achieve the organization’s goals
organizational structure
a system of shared beliefs and values that develops within an organization and guides the behavior of its members; “social glue”
organizational culture
“a stool with three legs” made up of the organization’s structure, culture, and human resource management systems
organizational architecture
a _____ has an internal focus and values flexibility rather than stability and control; values cohesion, job satisfaction, collaboration, employee development and commitment
ex: Duck Dynasty = family culture
clan culture
a ____ has an internal focus and values stability and control over flexibility; ensures promptness, efficiency, and effectiveness
ex: McDonald’s
hierarchy culture
a ____ has an external focus and values flexibility; values adaptivity, creativity, and flexibility in the face of environmental change
ex: Google
adhocracy culture
a ____ has a strong external focus, is driven by competition, and values stability and control; focuses on effectiveness, as shown by profits, flexibility, and results (considered more important than job satisfaction and employee development)
ex: Brown & Brown Insurance
market culture
job satisfaction and organization commitment are highest for which type of culture?
clan culture
objective growth and objective profit are lowest for which type of culture?
clan culture
subjective innovation and subjective growth are highest for which type of culture?
market culture
quality of products and subjective profit are equal for:
clan, market, and adhocracy cultures
three layers of organizational culture
observable artifacts
values
basic assumptions
these include the physical manifestations of cultures, such as how employees dress, how managers act, how the office is decorated, etc.
observable artifacts
the explicitly stated values and norms preferred by an organization
espoused values
values and norms actually exhibited by the organization
enacted values
invisible, preconscious, and unobservable core values that are meant to guide employee perception and behavior, but are taken for granted and thus are hard to change
basic assumptions
how do employees learn culture?
stories, rituals, material symbols, language
many companies are tied to their founders and their founders’ beliefs
ex: Walt Disney
hero
a narrative based on true events, which is repeated - and sometimes embellished - to emphasize a particular view
stories
the activities and ceremonies, planned and unplanned, that celebrate important occasions and accomplishments
rituals
an object, act, quality, or event that coveys meaning to others
material symbols
used to familiarize new hires with the values, expected behaviors, and social knowledge needed to succeed in a specific organization
socialization
when new employees try to establish an understanding of the workplace’s culture and dynamics
learning process
when new employees adjust themselves to fit the organization’s culture
adjustment process
4 functions of an organization’s culture
- provide organizational identity
- facilitate collective commitment
- promote social-system stability
- providing direction
the founder’s values, the industry and business environment, the national culture, and the senior management’s vision and behavior
antecedents of culture
