Chapter 8

Question 1

Literal view

Answer 1

The belief that the Creation week consisted of six consecutive 24-hour periods

Question 2

Gap theory

Answer 2

An interpretation of the Creation account that says there was a long period of time between Genesis 1:1 and 1:2

Question 3

Long-day theory

Answer 3

The belief that each day of the Creation week was actually a long period of time (millions or billions of years).

Question 4

Progressive creationism

Answer 4

The belief that God created life in stages over a long period of time and that evolution and extinction occurred in the intervals between the creative acts

Question 5

Theistic evolution

Answer 5

The interpretation of the Bible proposing that God used evolution as His means of creation

Question 6

Fossil

Answer 6

Any evidence or remains of an organism preserved by natural means

Question 7

Biological evolution

Answer 7

The supposed gradual change of one kind of organism into another kind of organism over many generations

Question 8

Theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics

Answer 8

Lamarck’s theory that physical changes caused by an organism’s environment can be passed on to offspring

Question 9

Mutation-selection theory (Neo-Darwinism)

Answer 9

The theory that mutations produce variations and that natural selection determines which variations will survive to produce biologi- cal evolution

Question 10

Theory of natural selection

Answer 10

Darwin’s idea that only organisms best suited for their environment will survive and reproduce, causing certain traits to become more common in a population.

Question 11

Descent with modification

Answer 11

A component of evolutionary theory that newer organisms are the modified descendants of
much older organisms

Question 12

Mutation theory of evolution

Answer 12

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Question 13

Intelligent design

Answer 13

The theory that nature shows evidence of design that could not have been the result of biological evolution alone and that there must have been a designer at some point

Question 14

Evolutionary family tree

Answer 14

A diagram showing the sup- posed progression of biological evolution.

Question 15

Common ancestor

Answer 15

hypothetical organism that evolu- tionists claim gave rise to two or more types of organisms; see also missing link

Question 16

Homologous structure

Answer 16

Similar structures found in different species that evolutionists attribute to common ancestry and creationists to common design.

Question 17

Vestigial structure

Answer 17

A structure that, according to evolutionists, no longer has an important function and will disappear in future generations.

Question 18

Speciation

Answer 18

The forming of new species.

Question 19

Adaptation

Answer 19

An inheritable characteristic that helps an organism survive; according to evolutionists, the change of an organism that enables it to survive in a new environment and contributes to its evolution.