Chapter 6 Flashcards
Genetics
The study of the inheritance of traits from one
generation to the next.
Cross
The mating of organisms to test how they inherit
traits.
Allele
One form of a gene for a particular trait.
Purebred
Having the same alleles for a particular trait.
Hybrid
Having two different alleles for a particular trait.
Dominant
The characteristic that is expressed even when a recessive allele is present.
Recessive
The characteristic that is expressed only in the absence of a dominant allele.
Phenotype
An organism’s physical characteristics; the physical expression of an organism’s genes.
Genotype
An organism’s genetic makeup.
Punnett square
A diagram used to visualize genetic crosses.
Incomplete dominance
A type of inheritance in which the alleles for a particular characteristic are neither dominant nor recessive, resulting in a “blending” of the two expressions of the gene.
Codonminance
The expression (but not blending) of both
alleles for a trait in an organism.
Polygenic inheritance
An inheritance pattern in which
two or more genes work together to produce a single trait.
Multiple alleles
An inheritance pattern in which there
are more than two possible alleles for a single trait, such as
human ABO blood types.
X chromosome
The female sex chromosome.
