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Nutrition > Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Vitamins that dissolve in fat and the substances such as ether and benzene but not readily in water

A

Fat soluble vitamins

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2
Q

Vitamins that dissolve in water

A

Water soluble vitamins

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3
Q

The vitamin c deficiency

A

Scurvy

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4
Q

A disease characterised by poor mineralization of newly synthesised bones because of low calcium content

A

Rickets

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5
Q

Intake of a nutrient beyond estimates of needs to prevent a deficiency or what would be found in a balanced diet

A

Megadose

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6
Q

A compound that combines with an inactive enzyme to form a catalytically active form

A

Coenzyme

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7
Q

The degree to which an ingested nutrient is digested and absorbed and thus is available to the body

A

Bioavailability

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8
Q

The limited storage capacity of water soluble vitamins in the tissue

A

Tissue saturation

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9
Q

Farms that are supported by a community of growers and consumers who provide mutual support and share the risks and benefits of food production

A

Community supported agriculture

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10
Q

Chemical forms of preformed vitamin A

A

Retnoids

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11
Q

Alcohol form of vitamin A

A

Retinol

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12
Q

Aldehyde form of vitamin A

A

Retinal

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13
Q

Acid form of vitamin A

A

Retinoic acid

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14
Q

Storage form of vitamin A

A

Retinyl

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15
Q

Precursors of vitamin A found in plant foods

A

Carotenoids

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16
Q

A substance that can be converted into vitamin A

A

Provitamin A

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17
Q

Vitamin a deficiency disorder that results in loss of the ability to see under low light conditions

A

Night blindness

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18
Q

A light sensitive lining in the back of the eye

A

Retina

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19
Q

A painless condition leading to disruption of the central part of the retina and in turn blurred vision

A

Macular degeneration

20
Q

A solid chestnut shaped organ surrounding the first part of the urinary tract in the male

A

Prostate gland

21
Q

Hardening of the cornea and dying of the surface of the eye which can result in blindness

A

Xerophthalmia

22
Q

A crude measure of vitamin activity often based on the growth rate of animals in response to the vitamin

A

International unit

23
Q

The developing human life form from 8 weeks after conception until birth

A

Fetus

24
Q

Precursor of vitamin D found in the skin

A

7-dehydrocholesterol

25
Q

Pre-vitamin form found naturally in some animal sources including fish and egg yolks

A

Vitamin D3

26
Q

Form found in blood sometimes shortened to 25(OH)D3

A

25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (calcidiol or calcifediol)

27
Q

Biologically active form of vitamin D

A

1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol)

28
Q

Adult form of rickets

A

Osteomalacia

29
Q

Form found in nonanimal sources such as in some mushrooms

A

Vitamin D2

30
Q

The principal function of vitamin () in humans is as an antioxidant

A

Vitamin E

31
Q

Vitamin used for blood clots

A

Vitamin K

32
Q

A decreased oxygen carrying capacity of the blood

A

Anemia

33
Q

Thiamin

A

Vitamin B1

34
Q

A thiamin deficiency disorder characterised by muscle weakness, loss of appetite, nerve degeneration, and sometime edema

A

Beriberi

35
Q

Riboflavin

A

Vitamin B2

36
Q

Niacin

A

Vitamin B3

37
Q

An essential organic compound needed in small amounts in the diet to help regulate and support chemical reactions and processes in the body

A

Vitamin

38
Q

Riboflavin deficiency disease resulting in irritation of the skin, mouth, and throat

A

Ariboflavinosis

39
Q

Inflammation of the skin at one or both corners of the mouth

A

Cheilosis

40
Q

Niacin deficiency disease characterised by dementia, diarrhea, and dermatitis, and possibly leading to death

A

Pellagra

41
Q

A general loss or decrease in mental function

A

Dementia

42
Q

An amino acid that arises from the metabolism of methionine

A

Homocysteine

43
Q

The iron containing part of the red blood cell that carries oxygen to the cells and carbon dioxide away from the cells

A

Hemoglobin

44
Q

Pyridoxine

A

Vitamin B6

45
Q

Pantothenic acid

A

Vitamin B5

46
Q

Biotin

A

Vitamin B7

Nutrition (8 decks)

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