Chapter 8 (4-6)

Question 1

Pharaoh Senusret (SEHN-oss-ret) ruled when?

Answer 1

1971 - 1926 BCE

during the Middle Kingdom

Question 2

What flourished during Senusret (SEN-oos-ret) reign?

Answer 2

Art
Literature
architecture

Question 3

What was the Egyptian symbol of immortality, or eternal life

Answer 3

ankh

Question 4

what was Pharaoh Senusret (SEHN-oss-ret) finest architectural achievement?

Answer 4

• White Chapel
• made of alabaster (small white stone)
• some historians thought it was covered in a thin layer of gold

Question 5

What covered the White Chapel’s pillars?

Answer 5

• Beautiful artwork
• carved scenes showing the Pharaoh with g-ds
• birds, animals, and Egyptian symbols are also depicted

Question 6

When did King Hatshepsut (haht-SHEP-soot) rule?

Answer 6

• 1473 - 1458 BCE
• during the New Kingdom
• first female pharaoh

Question 7

What was King Hatshepsut (haht-SHEP-soot) known for?

Answer 7

• encouraging trade

- first female pharaoh

Question 8

How did King Hatshepsut (haht-SHEP-soot) strengthen her position?

Answer 8

• filled her government with loyal advisors
• demanded respect
• sometimes dressed in mens’ clothing & fake beard
• spread stories that her father was a g-d

Question 9

What was King Hatshepsut (haht-SHEP-soot) biggest trade expedition

Answer 9

• African kingdom of Punt, at the southern end of the Red Sea
• over 200 men in 5 ships brought gifts & trade goods

Question 10

What was the Great Temple at Dayr al-Bahri (deer al BAH ray)

Answer 10

• a stunning monument of King Hatshepsut (haht-SHEP-soot) reign
• built into a cliff over the Nile River
• entrance had 2 tall, thin monuments called obelisks (OB·e·lisk)
• entrance also had 200 sphinx statues

Question 11

what is sphinx?

Answer 11

mythical creature with a body of a lion and head of a man

Question 12

What is Ramses (RAM-seez) II known as?

Answer 12

‘Ramses the Great”

• skilled as a military leader
• responsible for building many monuments
• most famous pharaoh
• reigned for more than 60 years

Question 13

What is a treaty?

Answer 13

• a written agreement by which two or more states agree to peaceful relations

Question 14

When did King Ramses (RAM-seez) II rule?

Answer 14

1290 - 1224 BCE

During the New Kingdom

Question 15

How did Ramses (RAM-seez) II over use his power?

Answer 15

• had over 100 wives
• over 100 children
• hundreds of statues of himself made, some over 60 feet high

Question 16

What was Ramses (RAM-seez) II most famous military campaign ?

Answer 16

• against the Hittite Empire in Anatolia (present day Turkey)

Question 17

What did Ramses (RAM-seez) II and the Hittite Empire do first?

Answer 17

• signed the world’s first peace treaty

- lasted until the Hittite Empire fell in 1190 BCE

Question 18

What was Ramses (RAM-seez) II greatest project?

Answer 18

• the temple complex at Abu Simbel
• main temple carved into a side of a cliff
• on the bank of the Nile River
• smaller temple honored his favorite wife, Nefertari

Question 19

What framed the main temple at Abu Simbel?

Answer 19

• 4 giant statues of a seated Ramses
• carved right out of the rock face of the cliff
• finest examples of the artistic skill of the Egyptian sculptors

Question 20

The main room inside the temple at Abu Simbel contained ____ and could do what?

Answer 20

• the main room’s alter contained a statue of Ramses II & 3 Egyptian g-ds
• twice a year, the sun would line up with the entrance and beams of light would shine down the halls and light up the statues

Question 21

Who ordered the most temples and monuments to be built of themselves over all the other kings?

Answer 21

Ramses (RAM-seez) II, his mummy was one of the best preserved bodies ever found.