Chapter 8 Flashcards
What are chemical formulas
shows elements and their ratios
Are metals wriiten first or non metals
metals
What are polyatomic ions
a group of atoms join together to form an ion
Non metals usually
Give 2 examples of negative polyatomic ions
Carbonate and hydroxide
Give an example of a positive polyatomic ion
Ammonium
what is the law of definite proportions
A specific compound always contains the same elements in definite proportions
What are ionic compounds
When a metal combines with a non metal , electrons are transferred to form ions which are bonded by electrical force to form compounds
Are ionic compound positive or negative or neutral
neutral
What does being a multivalent element mean
multivalent means it has more than one ion charge .
Which elements are multivalent and gives examples of common ones
Multivalents elements are not in the 1 &2 group and are found after the atomic number 20
Examples are Chromium(II)
Chromium (III)
Copper(I)
Copper(II)
Iron(II)
Iron(III)
Lead(II)
Lead(IV)
Nickel(II)
Nickel(III)
What are monovalent elements
They can lose or gain electrons in only one way
Do 2 multivalent compounds have the same properties
no
What indicates the ion charge in multivalent ions
The name like Copper(II) has an ion charge of 2+
What are the rules when writing the name of compounds
you dont write the ion charge of a monovalent element
metal writen first then non metal
written lowercase and spelld perfectly
the non metal is given the sufffix ide
When writing the non metal in a polyatomic ions , do we add ide to it
no
What are the rules for naming multivalent compounds
Ion charge must be in the name in form of roman numeral enclosed in brackets without any space between the name & number
What are chemical families
group of elements with same properties and from compounds with similar properties
Describe Alkali metals and their properties
First column of periodic table(Not hydrogen)
Group 1
Includes Lithium , sodium,potassium,rubidium, cesium and francium
Have an charge of 1 +
soft, low density metals
very reactive
good conductors
solid at room temp
What are some uses of alkali metals
Alkali metals are founds as ions in salt deposits,produce hydrogen and an alkaline solution, lithium is used in light weight batteries , sodium used to manufacture other chemicals and pottasium is used in fertilizers
Describe Alkaline earth metals and their properties
second column of the periodic table
group 2
Includes beryllium,magnesium , calcium, Strontium , Barium and radium
Ion charge of 2+
metals
hard
low density
react with air and water
good conductors
solid at room temp
What are some uses of alkaline earth metals
ions in rock minerals, magnesium used in flash powder and fireworks ,magnesium and beryllium used as idustrial alloys
Describe Halogens and their properties
Group 17
includes fluorine, chlorine, bromine,iodine and astatine
ion charge of 1-
non metals
very reactive
found in compounds in nature
toxic in elemental form
Have bright colours as gases
What are some uses of halogens
industrial chemicals like chlorine , fluorine is used in toothpaste , iodine is a common disinfectant
