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Computer Information Systems > Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Flashcards

0
Q

What is an enterprise system?

A

Provide enterprise wide support and data access for a firm’s operations and business processes.

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1
Q

What is integration?

A

Allows separate systems to communicate directly with each other, eliminating the need for manual entry into multiple systems.

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2
Q

What is Middleware?

A

Several different types of software that sit between and provide connectivity for two or more software applications.

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3
Q

What is enterprise application integration middleware?

A

Takes a new approach to middleware by packaging commonly used applications together, reducing the time needed to integrate applications from multiple vendors.

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4
Q

What are the three primary enterprise systems?

A
  1. Supply Chain Management
  2. Customer Relationship Management
  3. Enterprise Resource Planning
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5
Q

What are the five basic supply chain activities?

A
  1. Plan: Prepare to manage all resources required to meet demand.
  2. Source: Build relationships with suppliers to procure raw materials
  3. Make: Manufacture products and create production schedules
  4. Deliver: Plan for transportation of goods to customers
  5. Return: Support customers and product returns
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6
Q

What is Supply Chain Management (SCM)?

A

The management of information flows between and among activities in a supply chain to maximize total supply chain effectiveness and profitability.

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7
Q

What is the Demand planning system?

A

Generates demand forecasts using statistical tools and forecasting techniques, so companies can respond faster and more effectively to consumer demands through supply chain enhancements.

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8
Q

What are common supply chain metrics used in SCM?

A
  1. Back order: An unfilled customer order for a product that is out of stock
  2. Inventory cycle time: The time it takes to manufacture a product and deliver it to the retailer
  3. Customer order cycle time: The agreed upon time between the purchase of the product and delivery of the product
  4. Inventory turnover: The frequency of inventory replacement
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9
Q

What is the supply chain execution system?

A

Automates the different activities of the supply chain.

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10
Q

What is supply chain visibility?

A

The ability to view all areas up and down the supply chain in real time.

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11
Q

What is the supply chain planning system?

A

Uses advanced mathematical algorithms to improve the flow and efficiency of the supply chain while reducing inventory.

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12
Q

What is the bullwhip effect?

A

Occurs when distorted product demand information ripples from one partner to the next throughout the supply chain.

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13
Q

What is customer relationship management (CRM)?

A

Involves managing all aspects of a customer’s relationship with an organization to increase customer loyalty and retention and an organization’s profitability. (i.e. Charles Schwab & Kaiser Permanente)

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14
Q

What are the benefits of CRM?

A

Organizations can find their most valuable customers through “RFM”:

  1. Recency: How recently a customer purchased items
  2. Frequency: How frequently a customer purchased items
  3. Monetary: The monetary value of each customer purchase
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15
Q

What are the three phases in the evolution of CRM?

A
  1. Reporting: Customer Identification - Asking What Happened
  2. Analyzing: Customer Segmentation - Asking Why It Happened
  3. Predicting: Customer Prediction - Asking What Will Happen
16
Q

What is Enterprise resource planning (ERP)?

A

Integrates all departments and functions throughout an organization into a single IT system (or integrated set of IT systems) so that employees can make enterprise wide decisions by viewing enterprise wide information on all business operations.

17
Q

Why are ERP systems powerful tools?

A
  1. ERP is a logical solution to incompatible applications
  2. ERP addresses global information sharing and reporting
  3. ERP avoids the pain and expense of fixing legacy systems
18
Q

What are the benefits of ERP?

A
  1. Core ERP component: Traditional components included in most ERP systems and they primarily focus on internal operations.
  2. Extended ERP component: Extra components that meet the organizational needs not covered by the core components and primarily focus on external operations.
19
Q

What are the Extended ERP components?

A
  1. Business Intelligence
  2. Customer Relationship Management
  3. Supply Chain Management
  4. E-Business (E-Logistics and E-Procurement)
20
Q

What are the three most common core ERP components?

A
  1. Accounting and finance
  2. Production and materials management
  3. Human resources
21
Q

What is forward integration?

A

takes information entered into a given system and sends it automatically to all downstream systems and processes.

22
Q

What is backward integration?

A

takes information entered into a given system and sends it automatically to all upstream systems and processes.

Computer Information Systems (9 decks)

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