Chapter 8

Question 1

Similar to natural selection, except that it results from human activity. When breeders non randomly choose individuals with economically favorable traits to use as breeding stock, they impose strong artificial selection on those traits.

Answer 1

Artificial Selection

Question 2

The transfer of alleles from on population to another. it occurs when organisms or their gametes move from one location to another.

Answer 2

Gene Flow

Question 3

An antipredator strategy used by a potential prey item to signal danger or a lack of palatability. the most commonly know form of aposematism is warning coloration, in which the bright coloration of prey that are potential dangerous can act as a deterrent to potential predators.

Answer 3

Aposematism

Question 4

Structures constructed by organisms that can influence their performance or success. Although they are not part of the organisms itself, their properties nevertheless reflect the genotype of each individual. Animal examples include the nests constructed by birds and the galls of flies.

Answer 4

Extended Phenotypes

Question 5

The physical proximity of allies at different loci. Genetic loci that are physically close to one another on the same chromosome are less likely to be separated by recombination during meiosis, and are thus said to be genetically linked

Answer 5

Genetic Linkage

Question 6

Strong selection can “Sweep” a favorable allele to fixation within a population so fast that there is little opportunity for recombination. In the absence of recombination, large stretches of DNA flanking the favorable alleles will also reach high frequency.

Answer 6

Selective Sweep