Chapter 1

Question 1

Any change in the inherited traits of a population that occurs from one generation to the next (i.e., over a time period longer than the lifetime of an individual in the population).

Answer 1

Biological Evolution

Question 2

A chain of ancestors and their descendants. A lineage may be the successive generations of organisms in a single population the members of an entire species during an interval of geological time, or a group of related species descending from a common ancestor

Answer 2

Lineage

Question 3

A mechanism that can lead to evolution, whereby differential survival or reproduction of individuals causes some genetic types to replace (outcompete) others.

Answer 3

Natural Selection

Question 4

The independent origin of similar traits in separate lineages.

Answer 4

Convergent Evolution

Question 5

Characteristics are similar in two or more species because they are inherited from a common ancestor.

Answer 5

Homologous

Question 6

A derived form of a trait that is shared by a group of related species (i.e., one that evolved in the immediate common ancestor of the group and was inherited by all its descendants).

Answer 6

Synapomorphy

Question 7

A visual representation of the evolutionary history of populations, genes, or species.

Answer 7

Phylogeny

Question 8

Any change to the genomic sequence of an organism.

Answer 8

Mutation

Question 9

Occurs when genetic material form different strains gets mixed into new combinations within a single individual.

Answer 9

Viral Reassortment

Question 10

Evolution arising form random changes in the genetic composition of a population form one generation to the next.

Answer 10

Genetic Drift

Question 11

Measurable aspects of organisms, such as morphology (structure), physiology, and behavior. Genes interact with other genes and with the environment during the development of the phenotype.

Answer 11

Phenotypes