Chapter 8 Flashcards
the outcome of the learning process, a memory is created when something is learned
memory
what are the basic steps of linking learning to the memory?
Encoding (learning) ➡️ Consolidation (memory) ➡️ Storage (memory) ➡️ Retrieval (memory)
an exact replica (unanalyzed) of an environment message which usually lasts for a second or less
sensory memories
limited-capacity “working memories” that we use to hold information after it has been analyzed for periods lasting a minute or two
short-term memories
iconic memory
visual sensory memory
echoic memory
auditory sensory memory
system used to temporarily store, think about, and reason with information
short-term memory
the number of items a person can recall in the exact order of presentation on half of the tested memory trials
memory span
what is the average memory span?
about 7 items plus or minus 2
system we use to maintain information for extended periods of time
long-term memory
flashbulb memories
more likely to form rich memories of events surrounding emotionally significant and surprising events
information that helps us access or recovery a memory
retrieval cues
remembering that occurs in the absence of conscious awareness or willful intent
implicit memory
conscious, willful remembering
explicit memory
