Chapter 8 Flashcards
Microbial Metabolism
Sum of chemical reactions in organism
Metabolism
Provides energy & building blocks for anabolism
Catabolism
Uses energy & building blocks to build large molecules
Anabolism
Use light energy & CO2 as primary carbon source; photosynthesis
Photoautotrophs
Use light energy but can not convert CO2 to sugar
Photoheterotrophs
Energy used in Calvin-Benson cycle to fix CO2
Chemoautotroph
Use electrons from hydrogen atoms in organic compounds as their energy source
Chemoheterotrophs
Removal of electrons
Oxidation
Gain of electrons
Reduction
What factors affect enzyme activity?
- Temperature
- pH
- Substrate concentration
Overall, what happens in glycolysis?
- Glucose is split in half
- 2 ATP produced
Is glycolysis an example of catabolism or anabolism?
Catabolism
Energy from transfer or high-energy PO4- to ADP generates ATP
Substrate-level Phosphorylation
Energy released from transfer of electrons of 1 compound to another is used to generate ATP in electron transport chain
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Final electron acceptor is O2
Aerobic respiration
Final electron acceptor is not O2
Anaerobic respiration
How is anaerobic respiration different from aerobic respiration?
Anaerobic respiration does not use oxygen & aerobic does use oxygen
How many ATPs do prokaryotes generate from the aerobic breakdown of 1 molecule of glucose?
38
What are the functions of the following biochemical tests:
- Urease
- Oxidase
- Fermentation tests
- Production of urease
- Has cytochrome C oxidase
- Fermentation of a specific carbohydrate
Overall, what happens in the Krebs cycle?
Oxidation of acetyl CoA using decarboxylation & redox reactions
Overall, what happens in the electron transport cycle and chemiosmosis?
- ETC: Series of carrier molecules that are oxidized & reduced as electrons are passed down chain
- Chemiosmosis: using released energy to produce ATP
What are the different types of fermentation?
- Alcohol fermentation
- Lactic acid fermentation
