Chapter 8 Flashcards
Therapeutic Communication
Before we begin, this chapter is going to solely be on chapter 8, based on the study guide, powerpoint, and in class recording !
One more thing before we start the actual chapter, it is still very important to follow the abc’s and Maslow hierarchy of basic human needs.
what is his hierarchy again ?(5)
- physiological needs
- security and safety
- love and belonging
- self esteem
- self actualization
what does therapeutic communication mean?
to deal therapeutically with the emotions, feelings, and problems of patients, & nurses must understand their own values and beliefs and interpersonal strengths and limitations
what does self-awareness mean ?
the process of understandings one’s own belief, thoughts, motivations, biases and limitations and recognizing how they affect others
what does self-examination mean?
a willingness to be introspective
- lookin within yourself
in the powerpoint and study guide, it reviews that self-awareness is to know-thyself. can you elaborate more on this topic? (3)
dont over think it
knowing your biologic self
- genetic makeup, physical diabilties
knowing your psychological self
- emotions, beliefs, traumatic experiences
knowing your social self
- patterns of communication, cultural beliefs
what are some principles of therapeutic communication ?
give a few examples
- the client as primary focus
- a professional attitude
- self-disclosure only for therapeutic purpose
- no advice or social relationships with clients
- client confidentiality
- assessment of clients intellectual competence
- intervention based on theory
- nonjudgmental attitude
- guiding client to reinterpret exprieneces rationally
- clarification to track the clients verbal interactions
what is verbal communication ?
spoken word, underlying emotion, context, connotation
what is nonverbal communication ?
gestures, expressions, body language
what is the difference between verbal and non verbal communication ?
verbal you must talk to the patient
nonverbal is like your body language to the patient
what do you believe communicates or grabs the attention of the patient more and why?
nonverbal or verbal communication ?
nonverbal
- the reason behind this is because the patient is going to look at the way you are walking to them first before you even get a word out your mouth
what are some common verbal communication techniques we may use for patients when wanting to establish therapeutic communication ?
acceptance
confrontation
observation
silence
listening (active)
reflection
interpretation
open ended statements
what are the 5 techniques that inhibit communication ?
advice
agreement
challenges
reassurance
disapproval
I want to bring this to light about nonverbal behavior, this can vary from culture to culture, so maybe looking into someones eyes can be disrespectful for some people, so what do you do as a nurse?
identify and understand the meaning of communication within the patients culture
in therapeutic communication, the nurse must do 3 very important things which are?
limit self-disclosure
actively listen to the patient
carefully select communication techniques
how can a nurse limit herself to self-disclosure ?
not sharing personal information
redirect the client to the main topic
avoid trying to be “nice”
how can a nurse do active listening?
how can a nurse do passive listening?
active
- focus on what client is saying
- respond objectively
- interprets underlying meaning
passive
- sitting quietly
- letting client talk
how can a nurse be able to select the appropriate communication technique to have with a patient?
assessment and interpretation of the meaning of the clients verbal and nonverbal communication
- identification of the desired client outcome
- client feelings as the focus
available techniques
- silence, validation, strength-based communication
what is strength based communication and why would we might want to choose this form of communication?
because it focusers on the patients strengths rather than potential deficits
it is a vital that a nurse maintain personal boundaries with her staff and when caring for patients.
what are the 4 body spaces that we need to understand?
intimate
personal
social
public
while we understand that the size of boundary varies by culture, but the nurse must what?
assess and evaluate what is the most appropriate body space to present to each patient
what is the intimate zone (measure)
what is personal zone
what is social zone
what is public zone ?
15-68cm (6-18in)
46cm-1.2m (18-47)
1.2-3.6m (47in-3yd)
over 3.6m ( over 3yd )
why must we as nurses avoid establishing friendship with patients and instead focus only on the patient in a professional relationship?
in friendships, both persons share personal information
in a professional relationship, you must only focus on the patient
defense mechanisms, also referred to as coping styles is what?
psychological mechanism that help individuals respond to and cope with difficult situations, emotional conflicts, external stressors
what are some examples of defense mechanisms?
humor
repressions
suppression
projection
passive aggression
typically individuals are often unaware when performing defense mechanisms, so we as a nurse must evaluate what?
the purpose of defense mechanism and determination of weather or not to discuss with the client about their defense mechanisms
reflection and analysis of interactions between patient and nurse can allow the nurse to identify what?
significant content and themes to help evaluate the effectiveness of therapeutic communication
many patients who have mental disorders have difficulty communicating about their feelings and events, so as the nurse you must ?
try to understand the unique communication challenges a person with these disorders may have
additional information
symbolism is what?
content themes means what?
word or phrase represents object, event of feelings
possibly recurrent thread of story
in some cases, communication blocks may occur when trying to communicate with a client, either from the topic being too uncomfortable and the client doesn’t want to discuss on it, or simply goes off track
you as the nurse must try to attempt to redirect the conversation back to the topic at hand unless the topic is too uncomfortable for the client
consider cultural norms
compare the nonverbal and verbal behavior of the patient when discussing about the topic