Chapter 8 Flashcards
Define Quality Assurance.
Quality assurance is the “process of designing, producing, evaluating, and assessing products to determine that they meet the desired quality level for a company’s target market”. Quality assurance looks at a product from the first design concept until it is sold to the consumer.
What are the benefits of using AQL?
- Consistency: The AQL system ensures that the quality of the apparel products is consistent with the desired standards. This helps to maintain the brand image and customer satisfaction.
- Cost-effective: AQL system helps to identify and reject defective products before they reach the customers, reducing the cost of rework, returns, and potential liability.
- Objective measurement: The AQL system provides an objective measure of the quality of the products, which reduces the chances of bias or subjective evaluation.
- Standardization: AQL system provides a standardized method for quality control, which can be easily communicated and understood by all stakeholders.
- Early detection: The AQL system helps to detect and correct quality issues early in the production process, which reduces the risk of production delays or costly recalls.
- Quality improvement: By monitoring and analyzing the AQL data, the apparel industry can identify the root causes of quality issues and take corrective actions to improve the overall quality of the products.
Define AQL.
AQL stands for Acceptable Quality Level. It is a statistical sampling method used to determine the quality of a batch of products. The AQL system defines the maximum number of defective products that can be present in a batch of goods, and it ensures that the products meet the specified quality standards.
State the importance of Quality Assurance.
- Quality assurance helps a company create products and services that meet the needs, expectations and requirements of customers.
- It yields high-quality product offerings that build trust and loyalty with customers.
- The standards and procedures defined by a quality assurance program help prevent product defects before they arise.
- Also improving work processes and efficiency, and it enables a company to better compete with others.
- Quality Assurance is any systematic process for making sure a product meets specified requirements.
- Quality assurance is a broad process for preventing quality failures.
What are the different types of AQL systems?
- Single Sampling Plan: In this system, a single sample of garments is randomly selected from a batch, and the number of defects found in the sample is used to determine the acceptance or rejection of the entire batch.
- Double Sampling Plan: This system involves two stages of sampling, with the second sample being taken only if the first sample fails to meet the acceptance criteria. The number of defects found in both samples is used to determine the acceptance or rejection of the batch.
- Multiple Sampling Plan: This system involves the inspection of multiple samples from a batch, with each sample being inspected sequentially until an acceptance or rejection decision is reached.
- Sequential Sampling Plan: This system involves the inspection of samples in a predetermined sequence, with the decision to accept or reject the batch being made based on the results of the inspection of each sample.
- Skip-Lot Sampling Plan: This system is used for batches of garments that have a low defect rate and a high level of consistency in quality. In this system, some batches are skipped for inspection based on their previous inspection history.
What is Zero Defect?
Zero defects is a mindset that emphasizes the importance of getting things right the first time. It aims to eliminate defects, improve product or service quality, and reduce costs associated with waste.
Zero Defects, was first introduced by American businessman by Mr. Philip Crosby in his book “Absolutes of Quality Management,” has emerged as a popular and highly-regarded concept in quality management
What are the principles of Zero Defect?
- Quality is a state of assurance to requirements. Therefore, zero defects in a project mean fulfilling requirements at that point in time.
- Right the first time. Quality should be integrated into the process from the beginning, rather than solving problems at a later stage.
- Quality is measured in financial terms. One needs to judge waste, production, and revenue in terms of budgetary impact.
- Performance should be judged by the accepted standards, as close to perfection as possible.
Quality Control (QC) and Quality Assurance (QA) are two distinct but complementary aspects of quality management.
Quality Control Quality Assurance
1. Quality Control focuses on the identification and correction of defects in finished products or services.
2. It involves activities such as inspections, testing, and measurements to ensure that the product or service meets specific quality standards.
- QC is reactive and occurs at the end of the production process
- Quality control focuses on testing the quality of the output.
- QC is reactive
- QC takes place after development.
QA:
- Quality Assurance is a proactive process that aims to prevent defects from occurring in the first place.
- It involves establishing and implementing processes, procedures, and systems to ensure that products or services are designed, developed, and produced consistently and reliably.
- QA focuses on planning, defining quality objectives, implementing quality control measures, conducting audits, and continuously improving processes to enhance overall quality.
- QA is Proactive
- QA is Ongoing
