chapter 8

Question 1

rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 1

chronic long- lasting autoimmune disease that mostly affects the joints

Question 2

patellar ligaments

Answer 2

connects apex of patella to the tibia

Question 3

cruciate ligaments

Answer 3

two cruciate ligaments. ACL is in the center of the knee, controls rotation and forward movement of the tibia

Question 4

ligaments

Answer 4

band of tissue that helps connect bones, joints and organs to hold them in place. more ligaments= stronger joint

Question 5

function of articular cartilage

Answer 5

hyaline cartilage that absorbs compression placed on the joint keeping bone ends from crushing. THIN GLASSY SPONGY

Question 6

cartilaginous joints

Answer 6

adjoining bones united by cartilage. Immobile.

Question 7

gliding movement

Answer 7

semi- flate bone surface glides or slips over another (side- to side)

Question 8

protraction

Answer 8

anterior movement of the scapula or mandible

Question 9

plantar flexion

Answer 9

moving the foot down inferiorly

Question 10

dorsi felxion

Answer 10

moving foot upwards, towards the sky

Question 11

inversion

Answer 11

sole of foot turns medially

Question 12

eversion

Answer 12

sole faces laterally

Question 13

abduction

Answer 13

moving arm away from moving

Question 14

adduction

Answer 14

moving arm back towards body, towards midline

Question 15

hyperextension

Answer 15

moving head all the way backwards

Question 16

flexion

Answer 16

bending the head all the way forwards, chin touching chest

Question 17

opposition

Answer 17

saddle joint where fibrocartilage unites bone

Question 18

fibrocartilage

Answer 18

compressible and resilient

Question 19

structure of synovial joints

Answer 19

adjoining bones covered with articular cartilage, separated by joint cavity, enclosed within an articular capsule lined with synovial membrane

Question 20

fibrous joints

Answer 20

immovable bones that are joined by collagen fibers of connective tissue with no joint cavity. 3 types

Question 21

types of fibrous joints

Answer 21

sutures: ridges that have connective tissue between them and solely fuse together
syndesmoses: bones connected by ligaments which are bands of fibrous tissue
gomphoses: peg- in- socket fibrous joint