Chapter 8 Flashcards
Alter identities
differ in age, gender, etc
conversion disorder
a patient has more than one symptom of altered voluntary motor or sensory function. Blindness, deafness, seizures, tremors, paralysis, anesthesia.
depersonalization disorder
one’s sense of one’s own self and one’s own reality is temporarily lost.
depersonalization/derealization disorder
when episodes become persistent and recurrent that interfere with normal functioning.
derealization disorder
one’s sense of the reality of the outside world is temporarily lost.
dissociation
disruptions in normally integrated functions like consciousness, memory, identity, perception, and motor control.
dissociative amnesia
limited to a failure to recall previously stored personal information (retrograde amnesia), failure cannot be accounted for by ordinary forgetting, specific to autobiographical memory, often follows high stress.
dissociative disorder
group of conditions involving disruptions in a normal person’s normally integrated functions of consciousness, memory, identity, perception, or motor control.
dissociative fugue
identity loss, assumption of new identity.
dissociative identity disorder
disruption of identity characterized by two or more distinct identities or personality states, host or alters, recurrent episodes of amnesia.
factitious disorder
a person intentionally produces a physical or psychological symptoms, associated with deception, goal is obtain/maintain benefits of playing “sick role” and attention or concern from others. Deceptive behavior is evident even in the absence of obvious external rewards (sick role).
factitious disorder imposed on another (Munchausen syndrome)
the person seeking medical help has intentionally produced a medical or psychological illness, usually someone under someone else’s care.
host identity
identity that’s most frequently encountered
malingering
motivated by external incentives, intentionally produce or exaggerate physical symptoms.
post-traumatic theory of DID
secondary gain
socio-cognitive theory of DID
somatic symptom disorder
involves physical symptoms and complaints, contains no evidence of physical pathology. Must have one of more somatic symptoms that are distressing. Experience dysfunctional thoughts, feelings or behaviors related to health.
somatoform disorders
conditions involving physical complaints or disabilities that occur without any evidence of physical pathology to account for them.
treatment of Somatic symptom disorder
Cognitive-behavioral - relaxing training, validation that the pain is real, scheduling daily activities, cognitive restructuring. Medical management - minimal diagnostic tests and medication.
illness anxiety disorder
the preoccupation with having or developing a serious physical illness, high level of anxiety about health, been present for at least 6 months.
issues diagnosing Conversion disorder
dysfunction doesn’t conform to symptoms of the disease or disorder simulated, it’s highly selective nature of dysfunction, symptoms can usually be removed under hypnosis.
Reinforcement and conversion disorders
negative reinforcement - primary gains are escape or avoidance of stress. positive reinforcement - secondary gains being attention.
treatment of conversion disorder
behavioral therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy for seizures, or hypnosis.
trauma theory (cause of DID)
DID starts from early childhood traumatization and reflects an attempts to cope with sense of hopelessness and powerlessness.
sociocognitive theory (cause of DID)
DID develops when a highly suggestive person learns to adopt and enact the roles of multiple identities, identities are geared towards individual’s personal goals.
treatment of DID
hypnosis to connect with different identities, psychodynamic theory focuses to uncover and work through trauma, and integrate separate alters.