Chapter 8

Question 1

a country that is run according to the interests of the ruler rather than the people

Answer 1

Autocracy

Question 2

a condition of roughly equal strength between opposing countries or alliances of countries

Answer 2

Balance of power

Question 3

an invisible line that marks the extent of a state’s territory

Answer 3

Boundary

Question 4

an attempt by one country to establish settlements and to impose its political, economic, and cultural principles in another territory

Answer 4

Colonialism

Question 5

a territory that is legally tied to a sovereign state rather than completely independent

Answer 5

Colony

Question 6

a state in which the distance from the center to any boundary does not vary significantly

Answer 6

Compact state

Question 7

a country in which citizens elect leaders and can run for office

Answer 7

Democracy

Question 8

a state with a long, narrow shape

Answer 8

Elongated state

Question 9

an internal organization of a state that allocates most powers to units of local government

Answer 9

Federal state

Question 10

a state that includes several discontinuous pieces of territory

Answer 10

Fragmented state

Question 11

a zone separating two sates in which neither state exercises political control

Answer 11

Frontier

Question 12

the process of redrawing legislative boundaries for the purpose of benefiting the party in power

Answer 12

Gerrymandering

Question 13

a state that does not have a direct outlet to the sea

Answer 13

Landlocked state

Question 14

a state that encompasses a very small land area

Answer 14

Microstate

Question 15

a state that contains more than one ethnicity

Answer 15

Multiethnic state

Question 16

a state that contains two or more ethnic groups with traditions of self-determination that agree to coexist peacefully by recognizing each other as distinct nationalities

Answer 16

Multinational state

Question 17

a state whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular ethnicity that has been transformed into a nationality

Answer 17

Nation-state

Question 18

a state that completely surrounds another one

Answer 18

Perforated state

Question 19

an otherwise compact state with a large projecting extension

Answer 19

Prorupted state

Question 20

the concept that ethnicities have the right to govern themselves

Answer 20

Self-determination

Question 21

ability of a state to govern its territory free from control of its internal affairs by other states

Answer 21

Sovereignty

Question 22

an area organized into a political unit and ruled by an established government that has control over its internal and foreign affairs

Answer 22

State

Question 23

the systematic use of violence by a group in order to intimidate a population or coerce a government into granting its demands

Answer 23

Terrorism

Question 24

an internal organization of a state that places most power in the hands of central government officials

Answer 24

Unitary state