Chapter 8

Question 1

What is psychosis?

Answer 1

state involving a loss of contact with reality as
well as an inability to differentiate between reality and
one’s subjective state

Question 2

WHat is schizophrenia?

Answer 2

disorder consisting of unreal or disorganized thoughts and perceptions as well as verbal, cognitive,
and behavioral deficits

Question 3

What are positive symptoms?

Answer 3

in schizophrenia, hallucinations,
delusions, and disorganization in thought and
behavior

Question 4

What are delusions?

Answer 4

fixed beliefs with no basis in reality

Question 5

What are persecutory delusions?

Answer 5

false, persistent beliefs that one is
being pursued by other people

Question 6

What is delusion of reference?

Answer 6

false belief that external events, such
as other people’s actions or natural disasters, relate
somehow to oneself

Question 7

What is grandiose delusions?

Answer 7

false, persistent beliefs that one has
superior talents and traits

Question 8

What are delusions of thought insertion?

Answer 8

beliefs that one’s thoughts
are being controlled by outside forces

Question 9

What are hallucinations?

Answer 9

perceptual experiences that are not real

Question 10

What is formal thought disorder?

Answer 10

state of highly disorganized
thinking (also known as loosening of associations)

Question 11

What is catatonia?

Answer 11

group of disorganized behaviors that reflect an
extreme lack of responsiveness to the outside world

Question 12

What is negative symptoms?

Answer 12

in schizophrenia, deficits in functioning
that indicate the absence of a capacity present in
people without schizophrenia, such as restricted affect

Question 13

What is restricted affect?

Answer 13

a symptom in which emotional expression
is reduced or absent

Question 14

What is avolition?

Answer 14

inability to persist at common goal- directed
activities

Question 15

What is prodromal symptoms?

Answer 15

in schizophrenia, milder symptoms
before an acute phase of the disorder, during which
behaviours are unusual and peculiar but not yet
psychotic or completely disorganized

Question 16

What is residual symptoms?

Answer 16

symptoms associated with schizophrenia,
such as unusual beliefs or strange perceptual experiences,
that are present for at least six months

Question 17

What is schizoaffective disorder?

Answer 17

disorder in which individuals
simultaneously experience schizophrenic symptoms
(i.e., delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech and
behavior, and/or negative symptoms) and mood
symptoms meeting the criteria for a major depressive
episode, a manic episode, or an episode of mixed
mania/depression

Question 18

What is schizophreniform disorder?

Answer 18

disorder in which individuals
meet the primary criteria for schizophrenia but show
symptoms lasting only 1 to 6 months

Question 19

What is brief psychotic disorder?

Answer 19

disorder characterized by the
sudden onset of delusions, hallucinations, disorganized
speech, and/or disorganized behavior that lasts only
between 1 day and 1 month, after which the symptoms
vanish completely

Question 20

What is delusional disorder?

Answer 20

disorder characterized by delusions
lasting at least 1 month regarding situations that occur in real life, such as being followed, poisoned, or
deceived by a spouse or having a disease; people with
this disorder do not show any other symptoms of
schizophrenia

Question 21

What is schizotypal personality disorder?

Answer 21

Chronic pattern of
inhibited or inappropriate emotion and social
behavior as well as aberrant cognitions and
disorganized speech

Question 22

What are phenothiazines?

Answer 22

drugs that reduce the functional level of
dopamine in the brain and tend to reduce the
symptoms of schizophrenia

Question 23

What is neuroleptics?

Answer 23

drugs used to treat psychotic symptoms

Question 24

What is mesolimbic pathway?

Answer 24

subcortical part of the brain involved
in cognition and emotion

Question 25

What is meant by social drift?

Answer 25

explanation for the association between
schizophrenia and low social status that says that
because schizophrenia symptoms interfere with
a person’s ability to complete an education and hold
a job, people with schizophrenia tend to drift downward
in social class compared to their family of origin

Question 26

What is expressed emotion?

Answer 26

family interaction style in which families
are overinvolved with each other, are overprotective of
the disturbed family member, voice self- sacrificing
attitudes to the disturbed family member, and
simultaneously are critical, hostile, and resentful of this
member

Question 27

What is chlorpromazine?

Answer 27

antipsychotic drug

Question 28

What is tardive dyskinesia?

Answer 28

neurological disorder marked by
involuntary movements of the tongue, face, mouth, or
jaw, resulting from taking neuroleptic drugs

Question 29

What is atypical antipsychotics?

Answer 29

drugs that seem to be even more
effective in treating schizophrenia than phenothiazines
without the same neurological side effects; they bind to
a different type of dopamine receptor than other
neuroleptic drugs

Question 30

What is assertive community treatment programs?

Answer 30

system of treatment that provides comprehensive services to people with schizophrenia, employing the expertise of medical professionals, social workers, and psychologists to meet the variety of patients’ needs 24 hours a day