Chapter 8

Question 1

what do three of the orbitals describe

Answer 1

atomic orbitals

Question 2

what does the one quantum number describe

Answer 2

the electron itself

Question 3

what is another name for m sub s

Answer 3

spin quantum

Question 4

what is pauls exclusion principle

Answer 4

states that no two electrons in the same atom can have the same four quantum numbers

Question 5

how many electrons can an atomic orbital hold

Answer 5

2 , but they must have an opposing spin

Question 6

n=3, how many possible electrons

Answer 6

18

Question 7

what is shielding

Answer 7

a decrease in an electrons nuclear attraction due to electron-electron attraction

Question 8

as more electrons get added to orbitals what do they do

Answer 8

the electrons repel each other

Question 9

what is Z

Answer 9

an atomic number

Question 10

what charge do protons have

Answer 10

positive

Question 11

what is the zeff for the electron if its farther from the nucleus

Answer 11

lower zeff

Question 12

what is the zeff for the electron if its closer to the nucleus

Answer 12

higher zeff

Question 13

if theres higher zeff then whats the energy

Answer 13

lower

Question 14

if theres a lower zeff then what the energy

Answer 14

higher

Question 15

outer electrons have ____ zeff than inner

Answer 15

lower

Question 16

outer electrons have ____ energy than inner

Answer 16

higher

Question 17

2s electrons have ___ Zeff than 2p

Answer 17

higher

Question 18

2s electrons have _____ energy than 2p

Answer 18

lower

Question 19

what is the order of sublevel energies if n is the same value

Answer 19

s < p < d < f

Question 20

what does n represent

Answer 20

the quantum number

Question 21

what do all subscripts add up to

Answer 21

the number of electrons for the atom

Question 22

what is a condensed electron configuration

Answer 22

it has the element symbol of the previous noble gas in square brackets

Question 23

what does the arrow represent in an orbital diagram

Answer 23

an electron and its spin

Question 24

what does the up arrow represent

Answer 24

+1/2

Question 25

what does the down arrow represent

Answer 25

-1/2

Question 26

what’s an exclusion principle

Answer 26

it states that each orbital may contain a maximum of 2 electrons which must have opposite spins

Question 27

what is hunds rule

Answer 27

orbitals of equal energy (same sublevel) will fill up with unpaired electrons before they start to pair up

Question 28

what does a partial orbital diagram show

Answer 28

only the highest energy sublevels being filled

Question 29

why is the empty 4s orbital is lower in energy than the empty 3d sublevel

Answer 29

due to penetration; the 3d orbital is closer to the nucleus so its higher in energy

Question 30

what are the expectations to electron configuration we need to know

Answer 30

Cr, Mo, Cu, Ag, Au

Question 31

isoelectric means what

Answer 31

same number of electrons