Chapter 8

Question 1

primary data

Answer 1

Researcher collects his/her own data through surveys or other methods
More time consuming and resource intensive

Question 2

secondary data

Answer 2

Researcher utilizes data that already exists from other sources
Less time consuming and fewer sources required

Question 3

big data

Answer 3

Virtual world of online communications, transactions, and integrated data

Question 4

quantitative data

Answer 4

Information that is recorded, coded and stored in numerical form
Forms or quantitative data
Micro, aggregate, and multilevel data

Question 5

microdata

Answer 5

Ats its most basic level of observation - or unit of analysis, usually a person - sometimes a thing

Question 6

aggregate data

Answer 6

Summarized at a higher unit of analysis such as a geographic unit (e.g. cities) or administrative unit (e.g. schools)

Question 7

administrative data

Answer 7

Types of administrative record data up top in textbook notes

Question 8

challenges in adapting administrative data for research

Answer 8

Some organizations still rely on paper records
The fields or variables may need to be cleaned coded or reformatted
Rather than flat-file layout administrative records tend to be relational databases
Flat-file format = excel sheet

Question 9

data cleaning

Answer 9

Fields or variables of the data may need to be verified, coded or reformatted
Statistical software does not always read or handle non numeric data (words) easily
Administrative staff may make errors
There may be inaccurate, incomplete or inconsistent cases

Question 10

national databases

Answer 10

Data your interested in is not stored on one babel, stored across many files of table and linked together with some sort of unique identification per case
This is where trying to do data analysis in excel really goes off the rails

Question 11

types of relational databases

Answer 11

One to one merge
One to many merge
Many to many merge