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CAPM Exam Prep > Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Prevention

A

Keeping errors out of the process

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2
Q

Inspection

A

Keeping errors out of the hands of the customer

It is the examination of a work product to determine if it conforms to documented standards

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3
Q

Attribute Sampling

A

The result either confirms or does not conform

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4
Q

Variable Sampling

A

The result is rated on a continuous scale that measures the degree of conformity

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5
Q

Tolerances

A

Specified range of acceptable results

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6
Q

Control limits

A

Identify the boundaries of common variation in a statistically stable process or process performance

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7
Q

Conformance to requirements

A

To ensure the project produces what it was created to product

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8
Q

Fitness for use

A

The product or service needs to satisfy the real needs

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9
Q

Plan Quality Management

A

It is the process of identifying quality requirements and/or standards for the project and its deliverables and documenting how the project will demonstrate compliance with quality requirements and/or standards

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10
Q

Prevention Costs

A

Costs related to the prevention of poor quality in the products, deliverables or services of the specific project

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11
Q

Appraisal Costs

A

Costs related to evaluating, measuring, auditing and testing the products, deliverables or services of the specific project

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12
Q

Failure Costs (Internal/External)

A

Costs related to nonconformance of the products, deliverables or services to the needs or expectations of the stakeholders

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13
Q

Quality Management Plan

A

It is a component of the project management plan that describes how applicable policies, procedures and guidelines will be implemented to achieve the quality objectives.

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14
Q

Benefits of Quality Management Plan

A
  1. Sharper focus on the project’s value proposition
  2. reductions in costs
  3. less frequent schedule overruns caused by rework
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15
Q

Manage Quality

A

It is the process of translating the quality management plan into executable quality activities that incorporate the organization’s quality policies into the project.

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16
Q

Audits

A

It is a structured, independent process used to determine if project activities comply with organizational and project policies, processes and procedures.
Quality audit is usually conducted by a team external to the project such as the organization’s internal audit department, PMO etc

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17
Q

Design for X (DfX)

A

It is a set of technical guidelines that may be applied during the design of a product for the optimization of a specific aspect of the product

It can control or even improve the products final characteristics

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18
Q

Benefits of DfX

A
  1. Cost reduction
  2. quality improvement
  3. better performance
  4. customer satisfaction
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19
Q

Control Quality

A

It is the process of monitoring and recording results of executing the quality management activities in order to assess performance and ensure the project outputs are complete correct and meet customer expectations.

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20
Q

Check sheets

A

AKA Tally sheets

They are used to organize facts in a manner that will facilitate the effective collection of useful data about a potential quality problem.

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21
Q

Performance Reviews

A

They measure, compare, analyze the quality metrics defined by the plan quality management process against actual results

22
Q

Root Cause Analysis

A

It is an analytical technique used to determine the basic underlying reason that causes a variance, defect or risk.

23
Q

Testing

A

It is an organized and constructed investigation conducted to provide objective information about the quality of the product or service under test in accordance with the project requirements

The intent of testing is to find errors, defects bugs or other nonconformance problems in a product or service

24
Q

Control chart

A

A quality control chart that maps the performance of project work over time.

It is used to determine whether or not a process is stable or has predictable performance.

Most frequently used to track repetitive activities but they may also be used to monitor cost and schedule variances.

25
Q

Activity network diagram

A

These diagrams, such as the project network diagram, show the flow of the project work.

26
Q

Affinity diagram

A

This diagram breaks down ideas, solutions, causes, and project components and groups them together with other similar ideas and components.

27
Q

Benchmarking

A

Comparing any two similar entities to measure their performance.

28
Q

Cause-and-effect diagrams

A

Diagrams that show the relationship between variables within a process and how those relationships may contribute to inadequate quality. The diagrams can help organize both the process and team opinions, as well as generate discussion on finding a solution to ensure quality.

29
Q

Checklist

A

A simple approach to ensure that work is completed according to the quality policy.

30
Q

Cost-benefit analysis

A

A process to study the trade-offs between costs and the benefits realized from those costs

31
Q

Design of experiments

A

An approach that relies on statistical scenarios to determine what variables within a project will result in the best outcome.

32
Q

External QA

A

Assurance provided to the external customers of the project.

33
Q

Flowchart

A

A diagram illustrating how components within a system are related. Flowcharts show the relation between components, as well as help the project team determine where quality issues may be present and, once done, plan accordingly.

34
Q

Internal QA

A

Assurance provided to management and the project team.

35
Q

ISO

A

The abbreviation for the International Organization for Standardization

36
Q

Matrix diagram

A

A data analysis table that shows the strength between variables and relationships in the matrix.

37
Q

Pareto diagram

A

A histogram that illustrates and ranks categories of failure within a project.

38
Q

Quality

A

According to ASQ, the degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfills requirements.

39
Q

Quality assurance

A

A management process that defines the quality system or quality policy that a project must adhere to. QA aims to plan quality into the project rather than to inspect quality into a deliverable.

40
Q

Quality management plan

A

This plan defines how the project team will implement and fulfill the quality policy of the performing organization.

41
Q

Quality metrics

A

The operational definitions that specify the measurements within a project and the expected targets for quality and performance.

42
Q

Quality planning

A

The process of first determining which quality standards are relevant to your project and then finding out the best methods of adhering to those quality standards.

43
Q

Rule of Seven

A

A component of a control chart that illustrates the results of seven measurements on one side of the mean, which is considered “out of control” in the project.

44
Q

Run chart

A

A quality control tool that shows the results of inspection in the order in which they’ve occurred. The goal of a run chart is first to demonstrate the results of a process over time and then to use trend analysis to predict when certain trends may reemerge.

45
Q

Scatter diagram

A

A quality control tool that tracks the relationship between two variables over time. The two variables are considered related the closer they track against a diagonal line.

46
Q

Seven basic quality tools

A

These seven tools are used in quality planning and in quality control: cause-and-effect diagrams, flowcharts, check sheets, Pareto diagrams, histograms, control charts, and scatter diagrams.

47
Q

Statistical sampling

A

A process of choosing a percentage of results at random. For example, a project creating a medical device may have 20 percent of all units randomly selected to check for quality.

48
Q

System or process flowcharts

A

Flowcharts that illustrate the flow of a process through a system, such as a project change request through the change control system, or work authorization through a quality control process.

49
Q

Tree diagram

A

Tree diagrams show the hierarchies and decomposition of a solution, an organization, or a project team. The WBS and an org chart are examples of tree diagrams.

50
Q

Trend analysis

A

The science of using past results to predict future performance.

CAPM Exam Prep (13 decks)

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