Chapter 8

Question 1

the central nervous system (CNS) consists of the…

Answer 1

brain and spinal cord

Question 2

the peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of the…

Answer 2

cranial nerves and spinal nerves

Question 3

_______ carries impulses away from the cell body

Answer 3

axon

Question 4

_______ contains the nucleus of the neuron

Answer 4

cell body

Question 5

_______ carries impulses toward the cell body

Answer 5

dendrites

Question 6

the space between the axon of one neuron and the dendrites of the cell body of the next neuron is called the…

Answer 6

synapse

Question 7

in the PNS, the myelin is made by cells called…

Answer 7

schwann cells

Question 8

in the CNS, the myelin sheath is made by cells called…

Answer 8

Oligodendrocytes

Question 9

state the function of the myelin sheath…

Answer 9

provides insulation for neurons

Question 10

the neurolemma permits ______ of damaged axons or dendrites in the PNS

Answer 10

regeneration

Question 11

name the inactivator for the neurotransmitter acetylcholine…

Answer 11

cholinesterase

Question 12

_______ carries impulses from receptors to the CNS

Answer 12

sensory/afferent neurons

Question 13

_______ carries impulses from the CNS to effectors

Answer 13

motor/efferent neurons

Question 14

neurons found entirely within the CNS…

Answer 14

interneurons

Question 15

made of both sensory and motor neurons…

Answer 15

mixed nerve

Question 16

a group of functionally related neurons within the CNS…

Answer 16

nerve tract

Question 17

when a neuron is not carrying an impulse, its cell membrane has a _______ charge outside and a _______ charge inside…

Answer 17

positive charge outside and negative charge inside

Question 18

state 2 functions of the spinal cord…

Answer 18

1) transmits impulses to and from the brain

2) center for spinal cord reflexes

Question 19

the spinal cord is protected from mechanical injury by the _______

Answer 19

vertebrae

Question 20

the cell bodies of motor neurons and interneurons are located in the _______

Answer 20

gray matter

Question 21

the cell bodies of sensory neurons are located in the _______

Answer 21

dorsal root ganglion

Question 22

the dorsal root is also known as the _______

Answer 22

sensory root bc it is made of sensory neurons

Question 23

the ventral root is also known as the _______

Answer 23

motor root bc it is made of motor neurons

Question 24

the ascending and descending tracts of the spinal cord are located in the _______

Answer 24

white matter

Question 25

cerebrospinal fluid is found within the _______

Answer 25

central canal

Question 26

there are how many pairs of cervical spinal nerves…

Answer 26

8

Question 27

there are how many pairs of thoracic spinal nerves…

Answer 27

12

Question 28

there are how many pairs of lumbar spinal nerves…

Answer 28

5

Question 29

there are how many pairs of sacral spinal nerves…

Answer 29

5

Question 30

there are how many pairs of coccygeal spinal nerves…

Answer 30

1

Question 31

which spinal nerves supplies the trunk of the body…

Answer 31

thoracic

Question 32

which spinal nerves supplies the hips, legs, and pelvic cavity…

Answer 32

lumbar and sacral

Question 33

which spinal nerves supplies the neck, shoulders, arms, and the diaphragm

Answer 33

cervical

Question 34

the meninges consist of how many layers of connective tissue…

Answer 34

3

Question 35

the outermost of the meninges is called…

Answer 35

dura mater… it lines the skull and vertebral canal

Question 36

the middle layer of the meninges is called…

Answer 36

arachnoid membrane

Question 37

the innermost layer of the meninges is called…

Answer 37

pia mater… it’s on the surface of the spinal cord and Brian

Question 38

state the 2 functions of cerebrospinal fluid…

Answer 38

1) bring nutrients to CNS neurons | 2) cushion for the CNS

Question 39

the _______ division of the ANS dominates in stressful situations

Answer 39

sympathetic

Question 40

the _______ division of the ANS dominates in relaxed situations

Answer 40

parasympathetic

Question 41

involuntary response to a stimulus…

Answer 41

reflex

Question 42

_______ nervous system consists of motor neurons to visceral effectors

Answer 42

autonomic

Question 43

depolarization followed by repolarization is called…

Answer 43

action potential

Question 44

_______ is internal, shaped like an H, and made of cell bodies

Answer 44

gray matter

Question 45

_______ is external, and made of myelinated axons and dendrites

Answer 45

white matter

Question 46

the cerebellum helps maintain equilibrium by working with which other part of the brain?

Answer 46

midbrain