Chapter 10

Question 1

• kidneys
• increase reabsorption of water
• maintains blood pressure

Answer 1

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 2

• uterus & mammary glands
• causes contractions of smooth muscle for delivery of baby
• causes the release of milk

Answer 2

oxytocin

Question 3

• increases the transport of amino acids into cells and the synthesis of proteins
• increases rate of mitosis (cell division)
• increases the use of fats for energy

Answer 3

growth hormone (GH)

Question 4

• thyroid gland

- stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete thyroxine and T3

Answer 4

thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Question 5

• adrenal cortex

- stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete cortisol

Answer 5

adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Question 6

• mammary glands

- causes production of milk

Answer 6

prolactin

Question 7

• ovaries & testes
• initiates the development of egg cells & increases the secretion of the hormone estrogen
• initiates the production of sperm

Answer 7

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Question 8

• ovaries & testes
• causes ovulation
• secrete the hormone progesterone and estrogen

Answer 8

luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 9

• increases the synthesis of proteins within cells
• increase the rate of cell respiration of carbohydrates, fats, and excess amino acid to produce ATP and heat
• essential for physical & mental growth

Answer 9

thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3)

Question 10

• bones
• decreases the reabsorption of calcium & phosphate from bones
• blood levels of calcium and phosphorus are decreased

Answer 10

calcitonin

Question 11

• bones, small intestine, & kidneys
• increases the reabsorption of calcium & phosphate from bones to the blood
• increases the absorption of Ca and P from food in the small intestine
• increases the reabsorption of calcium by kidneys
• stimulates the kidneys to activate vitamin D
• blood level of calcium is increased, and the phosphate blood level is decreased

Answer 11

parathyroid (PTH)

Question 12

• liver
• causes the liver to convert stored glycogen to glucose to be used for energy production
• increases the use of fats & amino acids for energy production
• blood glucose level is increased

Answer 12

glucagon

Question 13

• causes the liver to change glucose to glycogen to be stored
• glycogen is also stored on skeletal muscles
• enables other body cells to take in glucose from the blood to use for energy production
• increases the intake of amino acids & fatty acids by cells

Answer 13

insulin

Question 14

• blood vessels

- causes vasoconstriction throughout the body, which raises blood pressure

Answer 14

norepinephrine

Question 15

• kidneys
• increases the reabsorption of sodium ions & excretion of potassium ions
• hydrogen ions are excreted in urine
• sodium ions & bicarbonate ions are returned to the blood
• water is returned to the blood
• helps maintain normal blood volume and blood pressure

Answer 15

aldosterone

Question 16

• increases the use of amino acids & fats for energy production
• decreases the use of glucose for energy
• anti inflammatory effect, prevents tissue destruction

Answer 16

cortisol