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Structure & Function > Chapter 15- > Flashcards

Chapter 15- Flashcards

1
Q

the upper respiratory tract includes all of these except the:

A- nasal cavities
B- larynx
C- primary bronchi
D- nasopharynx

A

C- primary bronchi

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2
Q

during swallowing, the larynx is covered by the:

A- soft palate
B- epiglottis
C- vocal cords
D- thyroid cartilage

A

B- epiglottis

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3
Q

during swallowing, the nasopharynx is covered by the:

A- hard palate
B- oropharynx
C- epiglottis
D- soft palate

A

D- soft palate

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4
Q

the trachea is kept open by which tissue?

A- fibrous connective tissue
B- cartilage
C- ciliated epithelium
D- elastic connective tissue

A

B- cartilage

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5
Q

in the nasal cavities and trachea, mucus and pathogens are swept to the pharynx by:

A- ciliated epithelium
B- simple squamous epithelium
C- cartilage
D- elastic connective tissue

A

A- ciliated epithelium

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6
Q

the part of the pharynx that is a passageway for air only is the:

A- nasopharynx
B- oropharynx
C- laryngopharynx
D- tracheopharynx

A

A- nasopharynx

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7
Q

inhaled air passes from the trachea to the:

A- primary bronchi
B- larynx
C- pharynx
D- secondary bronchi

A

A- primary bronchi

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8
Q

cartilage supports and keeps open all of these structures except the:

A- secondary bronchi
B- bronchioles
C- primary bronchi
D- larynx

A

B- bronchioles

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9
Q

the serous fluid between the pleural membranes keeps the membranes together and:

A- exchanges gases
B- creates friction
C- destroys pathogens
D- prevents friction

A

D- prevents friction

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10
Q

the primary bronchi and the pulomonary blood vessels enter the lung at the:

A- apex
B- hilus on the lateral side
C- hilus on the medial side
D- base

A

C- hilus on the medial side

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11
Q

the tissue fluid that lines the alveoli is important to:

A- prevent diffusion of gases
B- prevent friction
C- trap pathogens
D- permit diffusion of gases

A

D- permit diffusion of gases

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12
Q

within the alveoli, surface tension is decreased and inflation is possible because of the presence of:

A- tissue fluid
B- pulmonary blood
C- pulmonary surfactant
D- mucus

A

C- pulmonary surfactant

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13
Q

the respiratory centers in the brain are located in the:

A- pons and cerebral
B- medulla and cerebral cortex
C- hypothalamus and pons
D- medulla and pons

A

D- medulla and pons

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14
Q

during inhalation, the thoracic cavity is enlarged from top to bottom by contraction of the:

A- external intercostal muscles, which move down
B- diaphragm, which moves up
C- diaphragm, which moves down
D- internal intercostal muscles, which move up

A

C- diaphragm intercostal muscles, which move up

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15
Q

intrapulmonic pressure is the air pressure within the:

A- bronchial tree and alveoli
B- intrapleural space
C- mouth and nose
D- rib cage and diaphragm

A

A- bronchial tree and alveoli

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16
Q

in the alveoli, the partial pressures of oxygen and carbon dioxide are:

A- low Po2 and high Pco2
B- high Po2 and low Pco2
C- high Po2 and high Pco2
D- low Po2 and low Pco2

A

B- high Po2 and low Pco2

17
Q

irritants on the mucosa of the larynx are removed by:

A- a deep breath
B- yawning
C- the sneeze reflex
D- the cough reflex

A

D- the cough reflex

18
Q

most oxygen is transported in the blood:

A- on RBC membranes
B- in blood plasma as free oxygen
C- bonded to hemoglobin in RBC’s
D- bonded to hemoglobin on blood plasma

A

C- bonded to hemoglobin in RBC’s

19
Q

most carbon dioxide is transported in the blood:

A- as hydrogen ions in the RBC’s
B- as bicarbonate ions in the plasma
C- as CO2 in the plasma
D- as part of the hemoglobin in RBC’s

A

B- as bicarbonate ions in the plasma

20
Q

internal respiration is the exchange of gases between the:

A- systemic capillaries and body tissues
B- pulmonary capillaries and alveoli
C- alveoli and systemic capillaries
D- pulmonary capillaries and body tissues

A

A- systemic capillaries and body tissues

21
Q

the factors that increase the release of oxygen from the hemoglobin in systemic capillaries include all of these except:

A

A- high temperature
B- low Po2
C- high Po2
D- low temperature

22
Q

the air that remains in the lungs after the most forceful exhalation is called:

A- vital capacity
B- tidal volume
C- residual air
D- leftover expiration

A

C- residual air

23
Q

the gas that is the most important chemical regulator of respiration is:

A- O2, bc if present in excess it lowers the pH of body fluids
B- CO2, bc if present in excess it lowers the pH of body fluids
C- O2, bc if present in excess it raises the pH of body fluids
D- CO2, bc if present in excess it raises the pH of body fluids

A

B- CO2, bc if present in excess it lowers the pH of body fluids

24
Q

the receptors that detect a decrease in the oxygen level of the blood are located in the:

A- carotid and aortic bodies
B- medulla
C- pulmonary artery
D- hypothalamus

A

A- carotid and aortic bodies

25
Q

if pneumonia decreases the exchange of gases in the lungs, the resulting pH imbalance is called:

A- metabolic acidosis
B- metabolic alkalosis
C- respiratory acidosis
D- respiratory alkalosis

A

C- respiratory acidosis

26
Q

the nasal mucosa has all of these functions except:

A- warming incoming air
B- moistening incoming air
C- increasing the oxygen content of the air
D- sweeping mucus and pathogens to the pharynx

A

C- increasing the oxygen content of the air

27
Q

all of these will increase physiological dead space except:

A- fractured ribs
B- asthma
C- stuffed up sinuses
D- tuberculosis

A

C- stuffed up sinuses

28
Q

anatomical dead space includes all of these except:

A- bronchioles
B- larynx
C- potential pleural space
D- nasal cavities

A

C- potential pleural space

29
Q

the expansibility of the lungs and chest wall is called the:

A- stretchiness
B- inflation potential
C- inhalation potential
D- compliance

A

D- compliance

30
Q

to compensate for metabolic acidosis, respirations will:

A- increase to exhale more CO2
B- decrease to exhale more CO2
C- increase to retain more CO2
D- decrease to retain more CO2

A

A- increase to exhale more CO2

Structure & Function (5 decks)

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